Player Avatar
8
Rhysan

NA - Updated 5 years ago

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
12m
-36
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-44 SR
View Match
S8 Meditation Cloak

S8 Meditation Cloak

Using this item restores 75 Health + 12 Health per level and 30% Mana to all Allied gods within 35 units. Cooldown - 120s.

1 / 5 / 16
1.8 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 19 / 11,610G
Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+775
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Reinforced Shoes

Reinforced Shoes

+20
Magical Power
+150
Health
+10%
Crowd Control Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Every time you are damaged by a god you gain a stack that provides 3 Physical and Magical Protections. Stacks up to 7 times, Lasts 6s

Y10 Warlock's Staff

Y10 Warlock's Staff

+65
Magical Power
+150
Health
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - You permanently gain +1 Health and +0.6 Magical Power per Stack, and receive 5 Stacks for a god kill and 1 Stack per minion kill. At 75 stacks this item Evolves, gaining 10% Magical Penetration and 25 Health.

Hide of the Urchin

Hide of the Urchin

+30
Physical Protection
+30
Magical Protection
+250
Health
+250
Mana

PASSIVE - You gain +3 Magical Protection and +3 Physical Protection for each god kill or assist. At 7 stacks this item Evolves, providing a Health Shield that gains stacks every 2s. Shield only stacks if you have not taken or dealt damage in the last 5s. Each stack provides 10% of 100 Health +5 Per Level.

Restored Artifact

Restored Artifact

+60
Magical Power
+15
Mp 5

PASSIVE - Restore 1% of your Maximum Mana upon damaging an enemy god with an ability, once per god.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
15m
-38
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-181 SR
View Match
S8 Meditation Cloak

S8 Meditation Cloak

Using this item restores 75 Health + 12 Health per level and 30% Mana to all Allied gods within 35 units. Cooldown - 120s.

1 / 9 / 15
0.94 KDA
Ah Muzen Cab
Level 20 / 14,037G
Evolved Assassin's Blessing

Evolved Assassin's Blessing

+7 Power +100 Health +40% Bonus Damage vs. Jungle Monsters +7% Health and 25 Mana Restored on Killing a Jungle Monster +5 Penetration +5% Movement Speed ROLE QUEST: JUNGLE: COMPLETED!

Y10 Evolved Transcendence

Y10 Evolved Transcendence

+25
Physical Power
+1050
Mana
+10
Mp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - You gain Physical Power equal to 2% of your Maximum Mana.

Ninja Tabi

Ninja Tabi

+20
Physical Power
+100
Mana
+25%
Attack Speed
+18%
Movement Speed

Jotunn's Wrath

Jotunn's Wrath

+40
Physical Power
+150
Mana
+10
Physical Penetration
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

Titan's Bane

Titan's Bane

+40
Physical Power
+20
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Your first ability cast gains 20% Physical Penetration. This can only occur once every 5 seconds.

Heartseeker

Heartseeker

+45
Physical Power
+200
Mana
+20
Mp 5
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 2% of the targets maximum Health as Physical Damage. If you have over 150 Physical Power, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 6% Maximum Health damage at 250 Physical Power. Subsequent hits on the same target do 75% of the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
15m
+24
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+45 SR
View Match
S8 Meditation Cloak

S8 Meditation Cloak

Using this item restores 75 Health + 12 Health per level and 30% Mana to all Allied gods within 35 units. Cooldown - 120s.

5 / 3 / 23
5.5 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 20 / 15,439G
Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+775
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Reinforced Shoes

Reinforced Shoes

+20
Magical Power
+150
Health
+10%
Crowd Control Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Every time you are damaged by a god you gain a stack that provides 3 Physical and Magical Protections. Stacks up to 7 times, Lasts 6s

Y10 Evolved Warlock's Staff

Y10 Evolved Warlock's Staff

+110
Magical Power
+250
Health
+200
Mana
+10
Magical Penetration

Evolved Hide of the Urchin

Evolved Hide of the Urchin

+51
Physical Protection
+51
Magical Protection
+250
Health
+250
Mana

PASSIVE - Provides a Health Shield that gains stacks every 2s. Shield only stacks if you have not taken or dealt damage in the last 5s. Each stack provides 10% of 100 Health +5 Per Level. The full shield will regenerate after 20 seconds.

Charon's Coin

Charon's Coin

+75
Magical Power
+20
Magical Penetration
+7
Hp 5
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - On god kill or assist a coin is flipped. If heads, you gain a stack of 7 HP5. If tails, you gain a stack of 2% Movement Speed. Each effect can stack up to 4 times and at 8 stacks this item evolves. You also gain 15 gold every time the coin is flipped.

Doom Orb

Doom Orb

+95
Magical Power
+25
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
19m
+42
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+40 SR
View Match
S8 Meditation Cloak Upgrade

S8 Meditation Cloak Upgrade

Using this item restores 75 Health + 12 Health per level and 30% Mana to all Allied gods within 35 units. Allies affected by Meditation Cloak have their abilities' mana cost reduced by 30% and their Ability Cooldowns reduced by 1s upon use. Cooldown - 120s.

6 / 7 / 14
1.86 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 20 / 18,350G
Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+775
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Reinforced Shoes

Reinforced Shoes

+20
Magical Power
+150
Health
+10%
Crowd Control Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Every time you are damaged by a god you gain a stack that provides 3 Physical and Magical Protections. Stacks up to 7 times, Lasts 6s

Y10 Evolved Warlock's Staff

Y10 Evolved Warlock's Staff

+110
Magical Power
+250
Health
+200
Mana
+10
Magical Penetration

Evolved Hide of the Urchin

Evolved Hide of the Urchin

+51
Physical Protection
+51
Magical Protection
+250
Health
+250
Mana

PASSIVE - Provides a Health Shield that gains stacks every 2s. Shield only stacks if you have not taken or dealt damage in the last 5s. Each stack provides 10% of 100 Health +5 Per Level. The full shield will regenerate after 20 seconds.

Evolved Charon's Coin

Evolved Charon's Coin

+75
Magical Power
+35
Hp 5 Mp 5
+20
Magical Penetration
+8%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - On god kill or assist a coin is flipped. If heads, you gain 150 Health over 6 seconds. If tails, you gain 5% Movement Speed for 6 seconds. You also gain 15 gold every time the coin is flipped.

Doom Orb

Doom Orb

+95
Magical Power
+25
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
15m
-19
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-58 SR
View Match
S8 Meditation Cloak

S8 Meditation Cloak

Using this item restores 75 Health + 12 Health per level and 30% Mana to all Allied gods within 35 units. Cooldown - 120s.

2 / 9 / 12
0.89 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 20 / 14,025G
Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+775
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Reinforced Shoes

Reinforced Shoes

+20
Magical Power
+150
Health
+10%
Crowd Control Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Every time you are damaged by a god you gain a stack that provides 3 Physical and Magical Protections. Stacks up to 7 times, Lasts 6s

Y10 Warlock's Staff

Y10 Warlock's Staff

+65
Magical Power
+150
Health
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - You permanently gain +1 Health and +0.6 Magical Power per Stack, and receive 5 Stacks for a god kill and 1 Stack per minion kill. At 75 stacks this item Evolves, gaining 10% Magical Penetration and 25 Health.

Hide of the Urchin

Hide of the Urchin

+30
Physical Protection
+30
Magical Protection
+250
Health
+250
Mana

PASSIVE - You gain +3 Magical Protection and +3 Physical Protection for each god kill or assist. At 7 stacks this item Evolves, providing a Health Shield that gains stacks every 2s. Shield only stacks if you have not taken or dealt damage in the last 5s. Each stack provides 10% of 100 Health +5 Per Level.

Charon's Coin

Charon's Coin

+75
Magical Power
+20
Magical Penetration
+7
Hp 5
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - On god kill or assist a coin is flipped. If heads, you gain a stack of 7 HP5. If tails, you gain a stack of 2% Movement Speed. Each effect can stack up to 4 times and at 8 stacks this item evolves. You also gain 15 gold every time the coin is flipped.

Cursed Orb

Cursed Orb

+55
Magical Power
+15
Mp 5
+5
Magical Penetration
+2%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 10s and stack up to 4 times. Enemy gods provide 4 stacks.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
15m
+72
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+87 SR
View Match
S8 Meditation Cloak

S8 Meditation Cloak

Using this item restores 75 Health + 12 Health per level and 30% Mana to all Allied gods within 35 units. Cooldown - 120s.

7 / 1 / 17
15.5 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 20 / 14,641G
Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+775
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Reinforced Shoes

Reinforced Shoes

+20
Magical Power
+150
Health
+10%
Crowd Control Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Every time you are damaged by a god you gain a stack that provides 3 Physical and Magical Protections. Stacks up to 7 times, Lasts 6s

Y10 Warlock's Staff

Y10 Warlock's Staff

+65
Magical Power
+150
Health
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - You permanently gain +1 Health and +0.6 Magical Power per Stack, and receive 5 Stacks for a god kill and 1 Stack per minion kill. At 75 stacks this item Evolves, gaining 10% Magical Penetration and 25 Health.

Evolved Hide of the Urchin

Evolved Hide of the Urchin

+51
Physical Protection
+51
Magical Protection
+250
Health
+250
Mana

PASSIVE - Provides a Health Shield that gains stacks every 2s. Shield only stacks if you have not taken or dealt damage in the last 5s. Each stack provides 10% of 100 Health +5 Per Level. The full shield will regenerate after 20 seconds.

Charon's Coin

Charon's Coin

+75
Magical Power
+20
Magical Penetration
+7
Hp 5
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - On god kill or assist a coin is flipped. If heads, you gain a stack of 7 HP5. If tails, you gain a stack of 2% Movement Speed. Each effect can stack up to 4 times and at 8 stacks this item evolves. You also gain 15 gold every time the coin is flipped.

Lost Artifact

Lost Artifact

+20
Magical Power
+5
Mp 5

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
16m
+87
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+78 SR
View Match
S8 Meditation Cloak

S8 Meditation Cloak

Using this item restores 75 Health + 12 Health per level and 30% Mana to all Allied gods within 35 units. Cooldown - 120s.

2 / 2 / 21
6.25 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 20 / 15,237G
Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+775
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Reinforced Shoes

Reinforced Shoes

+20
Magical Power
+150
Health
+10%
Crowd Control Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Every time you are damaged by a god you gain a stack that provides 3 Physical and Magical Protections. Stacks up to 7 times, Lasts 6s

Y10 Evolved Warlock's Staff

Y10 Evolved Warlock's Staff

+110
Magical Power
+250
Health
+200
Mana
+10
Magical Penetration

Evolved Hide of the Urchin

Evolved Hide of the Urchin

+51
Physical Protection
+51
Magical Protection
+250
Health
+250
Mana

PASSIVE - Provides a Health Shield that gains stacks every 2s. Shield only stacks if you have not taken or dealt damage in the last 5s. Each stack provides 10% of 100 Health +5 Per Level. The full shield will regenerate after 20 seconds.

Charon's Coin

Charon's Coin

+75
Magical Power
+20
Magical Penetration
+7
Hp 5
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - On god kill or assist a coin is flipped. If heads, you gain a stack of 7 HP5. If tails, you gain a stack of 2% Movement Speed. Each effect can stack up to 4 times and at 8 stacks this item evolves. You also gain 15 gold every time the coin is flipped.

Cursed Orb

Cursed Orb

+55
Magical Power
+15
Mp 5
+5
Magical Penetration
+2%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 10s and stack up to 4 times. Enemy gods provide 4 stacks.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
17m
-56
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-69 SR
View Match
7 / 9 / 12
1.44 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 20 / 17,111G
Spear of Desolation

Spear of Desolation

+80
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - If you receive a kill or assist on an Enemy God all of your non-ultimate cooldowns are reduced by 2 seconds and your ultimate cooldown is reduced by 6 seconds.

Shoes of Focus

Shoes of Focus

+55
Magical Power
+250
Mana
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

Y10 Polynomicon

Y10 Polynomicon

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana
+8%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - Using an ability gives your next Basic Attack within the next 8 seconds +75% of your Magical Power as additional Magical Damage. The effect can only apply once every 2 seconds.

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+775
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Soul Reaver

Soul Reaver

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 1% of the target's maximum Health as Magical Damage. If the target has over 2000 Health, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 9% Maximum Health damage at 2750 Health. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Rod of Tahuti

Rod of Tahuti

+125
Magical Power
+30
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks and Abilities gain 15% additional Magical Power against targets below 60% Health.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
12m
-100
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-110 SR
View Match
3 / 4 / 17
2.88 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 19 / 12,655G
Evolved Mage's Blessing

Evolved Mage's Blessing

+10 Bonus Ability Damage +10 Physical Power +30 Magical Power +2 MP5 Per 10% Missing Mana +10% Cooldown Reduction ROLE QUEST: MID: COMPLETED!

Shoes of Focus

Shoes of Focus

+55
Magical Power
+250
Mana
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

Y10 Polynomicon

Y10 Polynomicon

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana
+8%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - Using an ability gives your next Basic Attack within the next 8 seconds +75% of your Magical Power as additional Magical Damage. The effect can only apply once every 2 seconds.

Y10 Book of Thoth

Y10 Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+250
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You permanently gain 7 Mana per Stack, and receive 5 Stacks for a god kill and 1 Stack for a minion kill (max. 75 Stacks). You gain Magical Power equal to 4% of your Mana from items. At 75 stacks this item Evolves, gaining 10 Magical Penetration and Increasing the Magical Power gained from Mana to 7%.

Soul Reaver

Soul Reaver

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 1% of the target's maximum Health as Magical Damage. If the target has over 2000 Health, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 9% Maximum Health damage at 2750 Health. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Lost Artifact

Lost Artifact

+20
Magical Power
+5
Mp 5

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
18m
+96
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+83 SR
View Match
7 / 4 / 12
3.25 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 20 / 17,717G
Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+775
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Shoes of Focus

Shoes of Focus

+55
Magical Power
+250
Mana
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

Breastplate of Valor

Breastplate of Valor

+50
Physical Protection
+300
Mana
+15
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

S9 Divine Ruin

S9 Divine Ruin

+100
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your abilities have 40% reduced healing for 5 seconds.

Soul Reaver

Soul Reaver

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 1% of the target's maximum Health as Magical Damage. If the target has over 2000 Health, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 9% Maximum Health damage at 2750 Health. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Y10 Polynomicon

Y10 Polynomicon

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana
+8%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - Using an ability gives your next Basic Attack within the next 8 seconds +75% of your Magical Power as additional Magical Damage. The effect can only apply once every 2 seconds.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
11m
-260
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-182 SR
View Match
6 / 8 / 7
1.19 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 17 / 11,905G
Shoes of Focus

Shoes of Focus

+55
Magical Power
+250
Mana
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

Y10 Book of Thoth

Y10 Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+250
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You permanently gain 7 Mana per Stack, and receive 5 Stacks for a god kill and 1 Stack for a minion kill (max. 75 Stacks). You gain Magical Power equal to 4% of your Mana from items. At 75 stacks this item Evolves, gaining 10 Magical Penetration and Increasing the Magical Power gained from Mana to 7%.

Breastplate of Valor

Breastplate of Valor

+50
Physical Protection
+300
Mana
+15
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

S9 Divine Ruin

S9 Divine Ruin

+100
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your abilities have 40% reduced healing for 5 seconds.

Book of Souls

Book of Souls

+55
Magical Power
+150
Mana

PASSIVE - Gain a stack each time you damage an enemy god with an ability or Basic Attack. At 4 stacks, your next ability or Basic Attack deals 20 + 4 per level Magical damage.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
13m
+185
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+209 SR
View Match
8 / 1 / 18
17 KDA
Kukulkan
Level 20 / 13,577G
Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

Y10 Evolved Book of Thoth

+70
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+775
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Shoes of Focus

Shoes of Focus

+55
Magical Power
+250
Mana
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

Soul Reaver

Soul Reaver

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 1% of the target's maximum Health as Magical Damage. If the target has over 2000 Health, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 9% Maximum Health damage at 2750 Health. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Y10 Polynomicon

Y10 Polynomicon

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana
+8%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - Using an ability gives your next Basic Attack within the next 8 seconds +75% of your Magical Power as additional Magical Damage. The effect can only apply once every 2 seconds.

Breastplate of Valor

Breastplate of Valor

+50
Physical Protection
+300
Mana
+15
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction