Player Avatar
17

NA - Updated 5 years ago

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
24m
+45
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+73 SR
View Match
4 / 4 / 11
2.38 KDA
Arachne
Level 17 / 12,947G
Evolved Assassin's Blessing

Evolved Assassin's Blessing

+7 Power +100 Health +40% Bonus Damage vs. Jungle Monsters +7% Health and 25 Mana Restored on Killing a Jungle Monster +5 Penetration +5% Movement Speed ROLE QUEST: JUNGLE: COMPLETED!

Hastened Katana

Hastened Katana

+20
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

+50
Physical Power
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Melee Basic Attacks decreases enemy Physical protections by 7, and increase your physical protection by 5 for 3s (max. 2 Stacks).

Y10 Asi

Y10 Asi

+45
Physical Power
+12%
Physical Lifesteal
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health, you gain an additional 15% Physical Lifesteal for 5 seconds. Can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
31m
+48
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+109 SR
View Match
8 / 4 / 10
3.25 KDA
Arachne
Level 20 / 17,528G
Balanced Blade

Balanced Blade

+15
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - On damaging an enemy god with a Basic Attack, gain 2 Physical Pen for 5s, stacks up to 3 times.

Hastened Katana

Hastened Katana

+20
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

+50
Physical Power
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Melee Basic Attacks decreases enemy Physical protections by 7, and increase your physical protection by 5 for 3s (max. 2 Stacks).

Y10 Asi

Y10 Asi

+45
Physical Power
+12%
Physical Lifesteal
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health, you gain an additional 15% Physical Lifesteal for 5 seconds. Can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
10m
-104
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-187 SR
View Match
0 / 3 / 1
0.17 KDA
Arachne
Level 8 / 5,234G
Evolved Assassin's Blessing

Evolved Assassin's Blessing

+7 Power +100 Health +40% Bonus Damage vs. Jungle Monsters +7% Health and 25 Mana Restored on Killing a Jungle Monster +5 Penetration +5% Movement Speed ROLE QUEST: JUNGLE: COMPLETED!

Katana

Katana

+7
Physical Power
+3%
Movement Speed

This item and all upgrades are only available to Assassins and Warriors.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
18m
-180
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-198 SR
View Match
1 / 3 / 0
0.33 KDA
Bellona
Level 14 / 7,937G
Evolved Warrior's Blessing

Evolved Warrior's Blessing

+75 Health +25 Physical & Magical Protection +25 Health Stolen and Mana Restored Upon Damaging An Enemy God, 10s Cooldown ROLE QUEST: SOLO: COMPLETED!

Berserker's Shield

Berserker's Shield

+50
Physical Protection
+150
Health
+25%
Attack Speed
+20
Hp 5

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health you become Berserk for 5s. While Berserk, you gain 5% Damage Mitigation and 20% Attack Speed. This effect can only occur once every 15 seconds.

OLD Ancile

OLD Ancile

+35
Physical Power
+30
Magical Protection
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Whenever you take Magical Damage from an enemy ability you unleash a shockwave that Silences all enemies within a range of 30 units for 1s. This effect cannot trigger more than once every 30s.

Cloak

Cloak

+10
Physical Protection
+10
Magical Protection

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
19m
+96
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+258 SR
View Match
4 / 1 / 7
7.5 KDA
Arachne
Level 17 / 11,118G
Evolved Assassin's Blessing

Evolved Assassin's Blessing

+7 Power +100 Health +40% Bonus Damage vs. Jungle Monsters +7% Health and 25 Mana Restored on Killing a Jungle Monster +5 Penetration +5% Movement Speed ROLE QUEST: JUNGLE: COMPLETED!

Hastened Katana

Hastened Katana

+20
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

+50
Physical Power
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Melee Basic Attacks decreases enemy Physical protections by 7, and increase your physical protection by 5 for 3s (max. 2 Stacks).

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
35m
+307
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+231 SR
View Match
6 / 5 / 13
2.5 KDA
Bellona
Level 20 / 17,499G
Blackthorn Hammer

Blackthorn Hammer

+35
Physical Power
+300
Health
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - While over 25% Mana, you gain +10% Cooldown Reduction. While under 25% Mana, you gain +50 MP5.

Berserker's Shield

Berserker's Shield

+50
Physical Protection
+150
Health
+25%
Attack Speed
+20
Hp 5

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health you become Berserk for 5s. While Berserk, you gain 5% Damage Mitigation and 20% Attack Speed. This effect can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Ninja Tabi

Ninja Tabi

+20
Physical Power
+100
Mana
+25%
Attack Speed
+18%
Movement Speed

Magi's Cloak

Magi's Cloak

+25
Physical Protection
+25
Magical Protection
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Protects you from a single hard Crowd Control effect once every 70 seconds. When this occurs, you gain 1s of Crowd Control immunity.

Void Shield

Void Shield

+55
Physical Protection
+150
Health
+25
Hp 5

AURA - Enemy gods within 55 units have their Physical Protection reduced by 10%.

Normal: Arena - 5 years ago
18m
-266
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-190 SR
View Match
7 / 11 / 10
1.09 KDA
Artemis
Level 20 / 16,520G
Evolved Rage

Evolved Rage

+45
Physical Power
+45
Critical Strike Chance

Ninja Tabi

Ninja Tabi

+20
Physical Power
+100
Mana
+25%
Attack Speed
+18%
Movement Speed

Deathbringer

Deathbringer

+30
Physical Power
+30
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Critical Strike bonus damage dealt is increased by 25%.

Y10 Bloodforge

Y10 Bloodforge

+50
Physical Power
+10%
Physical Lifesteal
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing an enemy god forges a shield from their blood with Health equal to 200 + 10 per Player Level for 20s. While the Blood Shield is active you gain +10% movement speed.

Fail-not

Fail-not

+30
Physical Power
+15
Critical Strike Chance
+20%
Cooldown Reduction
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - When your Ultimate ability has finished casting, your next ability or basic attack within 8s that damages an enemy god marks them, increasing the chance you and your allies can land a Critical Strike by 20% for 10 seconds. This can only occur once every 45 seconds.

The Executioner

The Executioner

+30
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks against an enemy reduce your target's Physical Protection by 7% for 3 seconds (max. 4 Stacks).

Normal: Clash - 5 years ago
16m
-237
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-216 SR
View Match
0 / 5 / 2
0.2 KDA
Medusa
Level 16 / 8,991G
Y10 Evolved Transcendence

Y10 Evolved Transcendence

+25
Physical Power
+1050
Mana
+10
Mp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - You gain Physical Power equal to 2% of your Maximum Mana.

Ninja Tabi

Ninja Tabi

+20
Physical Power
+100
Mana
+25%
Attack Speed
+18%
Movement Speed

Rage

Rage

+30
Physical Power
+35
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Killing or getting an assist on an enemy god gives you 1 stack. Each stack provides 2% Critical Strike Chance and 3 Physical Power. Stacks are permanent and stack up to 5 times.

Short Sword

Short Sword

+25
Physical Power

PASSIVE - When critically striking an enemy, gain a stack of 5 Physical Power, max 3 stacks, for 5s.

Normal: Assault - 5 years ago
8m
-301
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-229 SR
View Match
S8 Meditation Cloak

S8 Meditation Cloak

Using this item restores 75 Health + 12 Health per level and 30% Mana to all Allied gods within 35 units. Cooldown - 120s.

2 / 4 / 5
1.13 KDA
Jing Wei
Level 11 / 6,678G
Y10 Bloodforge

Y10 Bloodforge

+50
Physical Power
+10%
Physical Lifesteal
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing an enemy god forges a shield from their blood with Health equal to 200 + 10 per Player Level for 20s. While the Blood Shield is active you gain +10% movement speed.

Ninja Tabi

Ninja Tabi

+20
Physical Power
+100
Mana
+25%
Attack Speed
+18%
Movement Speed

Hidden Dagger

Hidden Dagger

+15
Physical Power

Normal: Assault - 5 years ago
18m
-205
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-193 SR
View Match
S8 Meditation Cloak

S8 Meditation Cloak

Using this item restores 75 Health + 12 Health per level and 30% Mana to all Allied gods within 35 units. Cooldown - 120s.

8 / 6 / 18
2.83 KDA
Rama
Level 20 / 13,378G
Fail-not

Fail-not

+30
Physical Power
+15
Critical Strike Chance
+20%
Cooldown Reduction
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - When your Ultimate ability has finished casting, your next ability or basic attack within 8s that damages an enemy god marks them, increasing the chance you and your allies can land a Critical Strike by 20% for 10 seconds. This can only occur once every 45 seconds.

Ninja Tabi

Ninja Tabi

+20
Physical Power
+100
Mana
+25%
Attack Speed
+18%
Movement Speed

Y10 Asi

Y10 Asi

+45
Physical Power
+12%
Physical Lifesteal
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health, you gain an additional 15% Physical Lifesteal for 5 seconds. Can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Y10 Bloodforge

Y10 Bloodforge

+50
Physical Power
+10%
Physical Lifesteal
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing an enemy god forges a shield from their blood with Health equal to 200 + 10 per Player Level for 20s. While the Blood Shield is active you gain +10% movement speed.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
18m
+9
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+21 SR
View Match
8 / 0 / 4
10 KDA
Zeus
Level 18 / 11,370G
Y10 Bancroft's Talon

Y10 Bancroft's Talon

+80
Magical Power
+200
Mana
+10%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 10% Lifesteal at 40% Health.

Shoes of Focus

Shoes of Focus

+55
Magical Power
+250
Mana
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

Doom Orb

Doom Orb

+95
Magical Power
+25
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.

Normal: Joust - 5 years ago
22m
+42
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+35 SR
View Match
6 / 2 / 13
6.25 KDA
Zeus
Level 18 / 16,208G
Y10 Bancroft's Talon

Y10 Bancroft's Talon

+80
Magical Power
+200
Mana
+10%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 10% Lifesteal at 40% Health.

Shoes of Focus

Shoes of Focus

+55
Magical Power
+250
Mana
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+18%
Movement Speed

Doom Orb

Doom Orb

+95
Magical Power
+25
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.

Lost Artifact

Lost Artifact

+20
Magical Power
+5
Mp 5

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
36m
-18
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-23 SR
View Match
6 / 11 / 7
0.86 KDA
Arachne
Level 20 / 17,648G
Hastened Katana

Hastened Katana

+20
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

+50
Physical Power
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Melee Basic Attacks decreases enemy Physical protections by 7, and increase your physical protection by 5 for 3s (max. 2 Stacks).

The Executioner

The Executioner

+30
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks against an enemy reduce your target's Physical Protection by 7% for 3 seconds (max. 4 Stacks).

Y10 Asi

Y10 Asi

+45
Physical Power
+12%
Physical Lifesteal
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health, you gain an additional 15% Physical Lifesteal for 5 seconds. Can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
32m
+10
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+20 SR
View Match
7 / 3 / 4
3 KDA
Arachne
Level 20 / 17,980G
Hastened Katana

Hastened Katana

+20
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

+50
Physical Power
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Melee Basic Attacks decreases enemy Physical protections by 7, and increase your physical protection by 5 for 3s (max. 2 Stacks).

The Executioner

The Executioner

+30
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks against an enemy reduce your target's Physical Protection by 7% for 3 seconds (max. 4 Stacks).

Y10 Asi

Y10 Asi

+45
Physical Power
+12%
Physical Lifesteal
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health, you gain an additional 15% Physical Lifesteal for 5 seconds. Can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
38m
+13
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+33 SR
View Match
18 / 7 / 10
3.29 KDA
Zeus
Level 20 / 23,430G
Y10 Bancroft's Talon

Y10 Bancroft's Talon

+80
Magical Power
+200
Mana
+10%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 10% Lifesteal at 40% Health.

Chronos' Pendant

Chronos' Pendant

+70
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.

Doom Orb

Doom Orb

+95
Magical Power
+25
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.

S9 Divine Ruin

S9 Divine Ruin

+100
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your abilities have 40% reduced healing for 5 seconds.

Rod of Tahuti

Rod of Tahuti

+125
Magical Power
+30
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks and Abilities gain 15% additional Magical Power against targets below 60% Health.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
10m
+9
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+22 SR
View Match
Relic

Relic

Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.

6 / 1 / 2
7 KDA
Arachne
Level 11 / 6,624G
Evolved Assassin's Blessing

Evolved Assassin's Blessing

+7 Power +100 Health +40% Bonus Damage vs. Jungle Monsters +7% Health and 25 Mana Restored on Killing a Jungle Monster +5 Penetration +5% Movement Speed ROLE QUEST: JUNGLE: COMPLETED!

Thousand Fold Blade

Thousand Fold Blade

+20
Physical Power
+5%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Gain 5% Movement Speed for 10s on killing or assisting an enemy god. Stacks up to 3 times.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
21m
+14
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

+24 SR
View Match
5 / 3 / 4
2.33 KDA
Arachne
Level 18 / 11,729G
Evolved Assassin's Blessing

Evolved Assassin's Blessing

+7 Power +100 Health +40% Bonus Damage vs. Jungle Monsters +7% Health and 25 Mana Restored on Killing a Jungle Monster +5 Penetration +5% Movement Speed ROLE QUEST: JUNGLE: COMPLETED!

Hastened Katana

Hastened Katana

+20
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

+50
Physical Power
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Melee Basic Attacks decreases enemy Physical protections by 7, and increase your physical protection by 5 for 3s (max. 2 Stacks).

Balanced Blade

Balanced Blade

+15
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - On damaging an enemy god with a Basic Attack, gain 2 Physical Pen for 5s, stacks up to 3 times.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
25m
-16
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-25 SR
View Match
3 / 8 / 8
0.88 KDA
Arachne
Level 15 / 11,134G
Evolved Assassin's Blessing

Evolved Assassin's Blessing

+7 Power +100 Health +40% Bonus Damage vs. Jungle Monsters +7% Health and 25 Mana Restored on Killing a Jungle Monster +5 Penetration +5% Movement Speed ROLE QUEST: JUNGLE: COMPLETED!

Hastened Katana

Hastened Katana

+20
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

+50
Physical Power
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Melee Basic Attacks decreases enemy Physical protections by 7, and increase your physical protection by 5 for 3s (max. 2 Stacks).

Balanced Blade

Balanced Blade

+15
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - On damaging an enemy god with a Basic Attack, gain 2 Physical Pen for 5s, stacks up to 3 times.

Normal: Conquest - 5 years ago
38m
-24
Elo

What is Elo+ (Elo Plus)?

This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.

The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.

-43 SR
View Match
25 / 3 / 10
10 KDA
Arachne
Level 20 / 24,602G
Hastened Katana

Hastened Katana

+20
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

OLD Stone Cutting Sword

+50
Physical Power
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Melee Basic Attacks decreases enemy Physical protections by 7, and increase your physical protection by 5 for 3s (max. 2 Stacks).

Y10 Asi

Y10 Asi

+45
Physical Power
+12%
Physical Lifesteal
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health, you gain an additional 15% Physical Lifesteal for 5 seconds. Can only occur once every 15 seconds.

The Executioner

The Executioner

+30
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks against an enemy reduce your target's Physical Protection by 7% for 3 seconds (max. 4 Stacks).