This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
PASSIVE - Getting the assist for an enemy minion or jungle monster dying will provide 8 Bonus gold and restore 12 Health and 8 Mana. If you are not within 30 units of an allied god for 20 seconds this passive is disabled until you are near an allied god again. Can be upgraded at level 15.
PASSIVE - If you are hit by a Knockup, Knockback, Pull, or Grab you gain 7% of your max Health over the next 5 seconds. You gain 15 Physical Power and 25 Magical Power while this effect is not on cooldown. This effect does not trigger on Vortexes. Can only occur once every 15s. PASSIVE - Regenerates 0.4% of your max health every second.
AURA - Enemy gods within 55 units have their Magical Protection reduced by 10%.
PASSIVE - For each enemy God within 55 units of you, you gain a stack of 4% Damage Mitigation. This caps at 3 stacks.
PASSIVE - Whenever you damage an enemy god with an ability you steal 8% maximum mana as well as 6% maximum health from the target. The Stats remain stolen for 60s and targets affected can have up to 4 Buffs and Debuffs at once. This can only occur once every 15 seconds.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
AURA - You gain 8 GP5 if you have the lowest gold on your team. Evenly split 80 Physical and Magical Protection among all allied gods within 70 units and yourself. If you are alone you only gain 30 Physical and Magical Protections.
AURA - Enemy gods within 55 units have their Magical Protection reduced by 10%.
PASSIVE - If you are hit by a Knockup, Knockback, Pull, or Grab you gain 7% of your max Health over the next 5 seconds. You gain 15 Physical Power and 25 Magical Power while this effect is not on cooldown. This effect does not trigger on Vortexes. Can only occur once every 15s. PASSIVE - Regenerates 0.4% of your max health every second.
PASSIVE - For each enemy God within 55 units of you, you gain a stack of 4% Damage Mitigation. This caps at 3 stacks.
PASSIVE - Whenever you damage an enemy god with an ability you steal 8% maximum mana as well as 6% maximum health from the target. The Stats remain stolen for 60s and targets affected can have up to 4 Buffs and Debuffs at once. This can only occur once every 15 seconds.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
AURA - You gain 8 GP5 if you have the lowest gold on your team. Evenly split 80 Physical and Magical Protection among all allied gods within 70 units and yourself. If you are alone you only gain 30 Physical and Magical Protections.
PASSIVE - If you are hit by a Knockup, Knockback, Pull, or Grab you gain 7% of your max Health over the next 5 seconds. You gain 15 Physical Power and 25 Magical Power while this effect is not on cooldown. This effect does not trigger on Vortexes. Can only occur once every 15s. PASSIVE - Regenerates 0.4% of your max health every second.
AURA - Enemy gods within 55 units have their Magical Protection reduced by 10%.
PASSIVE - For each enemy God within 55 units of you, you gain a stack of 4% Damage Mitigation. This caps at 3 stacks.
PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging abilities will move 30% Slower and will have Shields applied on them reduced by 50% for 2.5 seconds. This can only occur once every 2.5 seconds.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - Getting the assist when an enemy dies restores 4% of your Health and 4% of your Mana. If you have the lowest gold on your team, the assists also provides 20 Bonus Gold.
AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Magical Protections increased by 15 and their MP5 increased by 30.
AURA - Enemy gods within 55 units have their Magical Protection reduced by 10%.
AURA - ALL enemies within 25 units are dealt 20 (+1.5 Per Level) Magical Damage per second.
PASSIVE - If you are hit by a Knockup, Knockback, Pull, or Grab you gain 7% of your max Health over the next 5 seconds. You gain 15 Physical Power and 25 Magical Power while this effect is not on cooldown. This effect does not trigger on Vortexes. Can only occur once every 15s. PASSIVE - Regenerates 0.4% of your max health every second.
PASSIVE - For each enemy God within 55 units of you, you gain a stack of 4% Damage Mitigation. This caps at 3 stacks.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - Your next Basic Attack deals an additional 5 + 3 per level Magical Damage. This effect can only occur once every 8s, reduced by 2s for each successful Basic Attack on an enemy god.
PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 10% Lifesteal at 40% Health.
PASSIVE - Your Healing obtained from Magical Lifesteal is increased by 15%. Your Magical power is increased by 1.5x the amount of Magical Lifesteal you have.
AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Magical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Magical Power increased by 15 or their Physical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Physical Power increased by 15.
PASSIVE - On successful hit of an Ability you gain 1 stack. At 3 Stacks your next Ability that damages an enemy God will deal bonus damage equal to 20% of your Magical power to each God hit, and will heal yourself and allies within 20 units for 15 (+5 Per Level) and will consume the 3 stacks.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.
PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging abilities will move 30% Slower and will have Shields applied on them reduced by 50% for 2.5 seconds. This can only occur once every 2.5 seconds.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - You gain 8 GP5 if you have the lowest gold on your team. When you damage an enemy god you call down a Spartan Flag at your location, providing 10% increased Power and 15% Attack Speed to allies standing in the radius. Lasts for 10s, can only occur once every 10s.
PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.
PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging abilities will move 30% Slower and will have Shields applied on them reduced by 50% for 2.5 seconds. This can only occur once every 2.5 seconds.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack restores 2 Health (+0.3% of your Maximum Health) and 1 Mana (+1% of your Maximum Mana). Basic Attacks that deal damage in an AoE restore less health (75% for Melee Attacks, 50% for Ranged Attacks) for each enemy hit after the first. Can be upgraded at level 20.
PASSIVE - On Basic Attack hits, deal Physical Damage equal to 1.5% of the target's maximum Health. If the target has over 2000 Health, the bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 6% of the targets Maximum Health at 2750 Health.
PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack restores 1.4% of your Health, 2% of your Mana and reduces your active non-Ultimate Cooldowns by 0.33s. Basic Attacks that deal damage in an AoE restore less health (75% for Melee Attacks, 50% for Ranged Attacks) for each enemy hit after the first and only count once for the Cooldown reduction effect.
PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks deal bonus damage of 5 (+3 Per Level). This effect does not hit structures.
PASSIVE - Each successful basic attack applies a hex to enemies and empowers you, increasing your power by 5% and reducing the power of your opponent by 5% for 5s. (Max. 3 Stacks).
PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy God with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 6s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty. (Internal Cooldown 25s)
PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks reduce your target's Magical Protection by 10% for 3s (max 3 Stacks).
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - You gain 8 GP5 if you have the lowest gold on your team. When you damage an enemy god you call down a Spartan Flag at your location, providing 10% increased Power and 15% Attack Speed to allies standing in the radius. Lasts for 10s, can only occur once every 10s.
PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.
PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.
PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging abilities will move 30% Slower and will have Shields applied on them reduced by 50% for 2.5 seconds. This can only occur once every 2.5 seconds.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - You gain 8 GP5 if you have the lowest gold on your team. When you damage an enemy god you call down a Spartan Flag at your location, providing 10% increased Power and 15% Attack Speed to allies standing in the radius. Lasts for 10s, can only occur once every 10s.
PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.
PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.
PASSIVE - Restore 1% of your Maximum Mana upon damaging an enemy god with an ability, once per god.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.
PASSIVE - If you receive a kill or assist on an Enemy God all of your non-ultimate cooldowns are reduced by 2 seconds and your ultimate cooldown is reduced by 6 seconds.
PASSIVE - Whenever you damage an enemy god with an ability you mark them to take 5% increased damage from all sources. This effect lasts for 8s and can only occur once every 15s.
PASSIVE - Basic Attacks and Abilities gain 15% additional Magical Power against targets below 60% Health.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - You gain 8 GP5 if you have the lowest gold on your team. When you damage an enemy god you call down a Spartan Flag at your location, providing 10% increased Power and 15% Attack Speed to allies standing in the radius. Lasts for 10s, can only occur once every 10s.
PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 10% Lifesteal at 40% Health.
PASSIVE - Your Healing obtained from Magical Lifesteal is increased by 15%. Your Magical power is increased by 1.5x the amount of Magical Lifesteal you have.
AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Magical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Magical Power increased by 15 or their Physical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Physical Power increased by 15.
PASSIVE - On successful hit of an Ability you gain 1 stack. At 3 Stacks your next Ability that damages an enemy God will deal bonus damage equal to 20% of your Magical power to each God hit, and will heal yourself and allies within 20 units for 15 (+5 Per Level) and will consume the 3 stacks.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - You gain 8 GP5 if you have the lowest gold on your team. When you damage an enemy god you call down a Spartan Flag at your location, providing 10% increased Power and 15% Attack Speed to allies standing in the radius. Lasts for 10s, can only occur once every 10s.
PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 10% Lifesteal at 40% Health.
PASSIVE - Your Healing obtained from Magical Lifesteal is increased by 15%. Your Magical power is increased by 1.5x the amount of Magical Lifesteal you have.
AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Magical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Magical Power increased by 15 or their Physical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Physical Power increased by 15.
PASSIVE - On successful hit of an Ability you gain 1 stack. At 3 Stacks your next Ability that damages an enemy God will deal bonus damage equal to 20% of your Magical power to each God hit, and will heal yourself and allies within 20 units for 15 (+5 Per Level) and will consume the 3 stacks.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
PASSIVE - This item grants 2 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana. Your damaging abilities deal an extra 15 true damage to minions. Can be upgraded at level 20.
PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.
PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.
PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 1% of the target's maximum Health as Magical Damage. If the target has over 2000 Health, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 9% Maximum Health damage at 2750 Health. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.
PASSIVE - Gain a stack each time you damage an enemy god with an ability or Basic Attack. At 4 stacks, your next ability or Basic Attack deals 20 + 4 per level Magical damage.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
PASSIVE - You gain 8 GP5 if you have the lowest gold on your team. When you damage an enemy god you call down a Spartan Flag at your location, providing 10% increased Power and 15% Attack Speed to allies standing in the radius. Lasts for 10s, can only occur once every 10s.
PASSIVE - For each enemy God within 55 units of you, you gain a stack of 4% Damage Mitigation. This caps at 3 stacks.
AURA - Enemy gods within 55 units have their Magical Protection reduced by 10%.
AURA - ALL enemies within 25 units are dealt 20 (+1.5 Per Level) Magical Damage per second.
PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 1% of the target's maximum Health as Magical Damage. If the target has over 2000 Health, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 9% Maximum Health damage at 2750 Health. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.
PASSIVE - If you are hit by a Knockup, Knockback, Pull, or Grab you gain 7% of your max Health over the next 5 seconds. You gain 15 Physical Power and 25 Magical Power while this effect is not on cooldown. This effect does not trigger on Vortexes. Can only occur once every 15s. PASSIVE - Regenerates 0.4% of your max health every second.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
PASSIVE - Every time you are damaged by a god you gain a stack that provides 3 Physical and Magical Protections. Stacks up to 7 times, Lasts 6s
AURA - Enemy gods within 55 units have their Magical Protection reduced by 10%.
AURA - ALL enemies within 25 units are dealt 20 (+1.5 Per Level) Magical Damage per second.
PASSIVE - Gain a stack each time you damage an enemy god with an ability or Basic Attack. At 4 stacks, your next ability or Basic Attack deals 20 + 4 per level Magical damage.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
PASSIVE - While in the jungle you gain 15% Power and 7% Protections.
PASSIVE - Every successful Basic Attack increases your Physical Power by 10 and reduces the attack speed of your opponent by 7% for 5s. (Max. 3 Stacks)
PASSIVE - For each 0.02 Attack Speed you go over 2.5 Attack Speed, you gain 3 Physical Power. You can not gain more than 120 Physical Power in this way.
PASSIVE - Every fourth Basic Attack triggers a chain lightning, damaging the target and up to 4 nearby enemies for 15 damage +60% of your total Basic Attack Power.
PASSIVE - On Basic Attack hits, deal Physical Damage equal to 1.5% of the target's maximum Health. If the target has over 2000 Health, the bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 6% of the targets Maximum Health at 2750 Health.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 10% Lifesteal at 40% Health.
PASSIVE - Your Healing obtained from Magical Lifesteal is increased by 15%. Your Magical power is increased by 1.5x the amount of Magical Lifesteal you have.
AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Magical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Magical Power increased by 15 or their Physical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Physical Power increased by 15.
PASSIVE - On successful hit of an Ability you gain 1 stack. At 3 Stacks your next Ability that damages an enemy God will deal bonus damage equal to 20% of your Magical power to each God hit, and will heal yourself and allies within 20 units for 15 (+5 Per Level) and will consume the 3 stacks.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - Every successful Basic Attack increases your Physical Power by 10 and reduces the attack speed of your opponent by 7% for 5s. (Max. 3 Stacks)
PASSIVE - Every fourth Basic Attack triggers a chain lightning, damaging the target and up to 4 nearby enemies for 15 damage +60% of your total Basic Attack Power.
PASSIVE - For each 0.02 Attack Speed you go over 2.5 Attack Speed, you gain 3 Physical Power. You can not gain more than 120 Physical Power in this way.
PASSIVE - On Basic Attack hits, deal Physical Damage equal to 1.5% of the target's maximum Health. If the target has over 2000 Health, the bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 6% of the targets Maximum Health at 2750 Health.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - While in the jungle you gain 15% Power and 7% Protections.
PASSIVE - Every successful Basic Attack increases your Physical Power by 10 and reduces the attack speed of your opponent by 7% for 5s. (Max. 3 Stacks)
PASSIVE - Every fourth Basic Attack triggers a chain lightning, damaging the target and up to 4 nearby enemies for 15 damage +60% of your total Basic Attack Power.
PASSIVE - For each 0.02 Attack Speed you go over 2.5 Attack Speed, you gain 3 Physical Power. You can not gain more than 120 Physical Power in this way.
PASSIVE - On Basic Attack hits, deal Physical Damage equal to 1.5% of the target's maximum Health. If the target has over 2000 Health, the bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 6% of the targets Maximum Health at 2750 Health.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
PASSIVE - You deal 30% increased damage to Jungle Monsters. Upon defeating a Large Jungle Monster you place a ward at its location that lasts for 30 seconds. While in the jungle you gain 3% Movement Speed, +20 HP5 and +15 MP5 Can be upgraded at level 20.
PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune from Basic Attack Movement Penalty.
PASSIVE - Your abilities heal you for 10% of the damage dealt to targets.
PASSIVE - For every non-ultimate ability on cooldown you gain a stack of Cruelty. Each stack provides 7 Physical Power and 2% Physical Lifesteal.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
Relics provide special powers available to all gods. Your first Relic is free at Level 1 and your Second Relic is unlocked once you reach Level 12.
PASSIVE - Whenever you damage an enemy god with an ability you mark them to take 5% increased damage from all sources. This effect lasts for 8s and can only occur once every 15s.
PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 10% Lifesteal at 40% Health.
PASSIVE - Your Healing obtained from Magical Lifesteal is increased by 15%. Your Magical power is increased by 1.5x the amount of Magical Lifesteal you have.
AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Magical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Magical Power increased by 15 or their Physical Lifesteal increased by 6% and their Physical Power increased by 15.
PASSIVE - On successful hit of an Ability you gain 1 stack. At 3 Stacks your next Ability that damages an enemy God will deal bonus damage equal to 20% of your Magical power to each God hit, and will heal yourself and allies within 20 units for 15 (+5 Per Level) and will consume the 3 stacks.
This is our proprietary skill rating calculation. This has nothing to do with official game ranking or MMR.
The purpose is to show player skill levels relative to other players, not estimate MMR.
PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 10% Lifesteal at 40% Health.
PASSIVE - Your Healing obtained from Magical Lifesteal is increased by 15%. Your Magical power is increased by 1.5x the amount of Magical Lifesteal you have.
PASSIVE - On successful hit of an Ability you gain 1 stack. At 3 Stacks your next Ability that damages an enemy God will deal bonus damage equal to 20% of your Magical power to each God hit, and will heal yourself and allies within 20 units for 15 (+5 Per Level) and will consume the 3 stacks.