Player Matchup

Ratatoskr
Ratatoskr
 
Ratatoskr
Level 102
God Stats
0W - 0L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
0W - 0L
1,500 Elo+
Solo
Poseidon
Poseidon
JosAsYuLol
Poseidon
Level 86
God Stats
19W - 19L
1,326 SR
Queue Stats
222W - 203L
1,422 Elo+
Solo
Janus
Janus
Lindday
Janus
Level 65
God Stats
1W - 1L
1,164 SR
Queue Stats
165W - 207L
1,352 Elo+
Solo
Cerberus
Cerberus
Miguel47949
Cerberus
Level 110
God Stats
1W - 0L
1,268 SR
Queue Stats
45W - 35L
1,374 Elo+
Solo
Artemis
Artemis
Sethtast1c
Artemis
Level 85
God Stats
22W - 21L
1,434 SR
Queue Stats
73W - 72L
1,434 Elo+
Solo
Team Averages
Level 90
1,338 SR
1,416 Elo+

VS

Team Averages
Level 87
1,536 SR
1,434 Elo+
Hou Yi
Hou Yi
DoubleD373
Hou Yi
Level 35
God Stats
0W - 1L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
23W - 19L
1,500 Elo+
Solo
Fenrir
Fenrir
SEALEO9000
Fenrir
Level 98
God Stats
23W - 23L
1,416 SR
Queue Stats
70W - 88L
1,400 Elo+
Solo
Baron Samedi
Baron Samedi
cellsork7
Baron Samedi
Level 148
God Stats
4W - 5L
1,709 SR
Queue Stats
70W - 73L
1,418 Elo+
Solo
Janus
Janus
ghost_tokoyami
Janus
Level 53
God Stats
6W - 9L
1,555 SR
Queue Stats
81W - 103L
1,398 Elo+
Party 1
Surtr
Surtr
goku_alocado
Surtr
Level 102
God Stats
0W - 4L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
92W - 79L
1,456 Elo+
Party 1

Match Stats

Player
Level
K/D/A
Gold
GPM
Damage
Taken
Mitigated
Build
Ratatoskr
 
Ratatoskr
20
19 / 7 / 17
20,852
579
31,253
28,857
12,898
Bristlebush Acorn

Bristlebush Acorn

+45
Physical Power
+6%
Movement Speed
+25
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE: Dart deals 40% increased damage and can Critically Strike. When Dart damages an enemy Ratatoskr gains 22.5% Physical Lifesteal and 20% Basic Attack damage for 6s.

Bumba's Hammer

Bumba's Hammer

+45
Physical Power
+60
Magical Power
+100
Health
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - After casting an ability your next Basic Attack deals an additional 70 True Damage. After hitting a Basic Attack empowered by Bumba’s Hammer, your active cooldowns are reduced by 0.5s and you are healed for 80 Health.

The Crusher

The Crusher

+35
Physical Power
+25%
Attack Speed
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging Abilities take bonus damage equal to an additional 35% of your Physical Power over 1s. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Malicious Deathbringer

Malicious Deathbringer

+30
Physical Power
+30
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Critical Strike bonus damage dealt is increased by 25%. <n>GLYPH - Successfully hitting an Enemy God with a Critical Strike will subtract 1s from all of your abilities currently on cooldown.

Evolved Rage

Evolved Rage

+45
Physical Power
+45
Critical Strike Chance

Stormseeker

Stormseeker

+30
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - When you hit an enemy god with a Basic Attack, gain a permanent stacking Attack Speed buff. Each stack grants 0.25% Attack Speed for a max of 999 stacks.

Poseidon
JosAsYuLol
Poseidon
20
15 / 9 / 19
21,934
609
37,499
29,735
15,083
Gem of Focus

Gem of Focus

+70
Magical Power
+100
Health
+15
Mp 5

PASSIVE - Every time you cast an ability that costs mana you gain a stack of Focus for 10s, providing 5% Movement Speed and 5% Damage Increase, stacking up to 3 times.

Doom Orb

Doom Orb

+95
Magical Power
+25
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.

Evolved Book of Thoth

Evolved Book of Thoth

+60
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+800
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Demonic Grip

Demonic Grip

+75
Magical Power
+30%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks reduce your target's Magical Protection by 10% for 3s (max 3 Stacks).

Chronos' Pendant

Chronos' Pendant

+70
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.

Nimble Bancroft's Talon

Nimble Bancroft's Talon

+80
Magical Power
+200
Mana
+15%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - You gain additional Magical Power and Lifesteal scaled from missing Health. This caps at 70 power and 15% Lifesteal at 40% Health. <n>GLYPH - For every 30 Magical Power you have, you gain 2 Basic Attack Power and 2% Attack Speed.

Janus
Lindday
Janus
20
1 / 13 / 8
17,739
493
7,721
18,422
5,853
Conduit Gem

Conduit Gem

+25
Magical Power
+100
Mana
+10
Mp 5

PASSIVE - Every 0.5 seconds you gain a stack of Arcane Energy, causing your next damaging ability to deal an additional 2 True Damage and remove all stacks. Also deals an additional 1 true damage per stack to minions. This effect stacks up to 20 times. Can be upgraded at level 20.

Chronos' Pendant

Chronos' Pendant

+70
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.

Demonic Grip

Demonic Grip

+75
Magical Power
+30%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks reduce your target's Magical Protection by 10% for 3s (max 3 Stacks).

Cyclopean Ring

Cyclopean Ring

+60
Magical Power
+25%
Attack Speed
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Your next basic attack against an enemy god deals bonus Magical Damage equal to 9% of the target's maximum Health. This effect can only occur once every 8s, reduced by 2s for each successful Basic Attack on an enemy god.

Perfected Rod of Tahuti

Perfected Rod of Tahuti

+125
Magical Power
+30
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks and Abilities gain 15% additional Magical Power against targets below 60% Health. <n>GLYPH - Successfully damaging an enemy god with an ability applies a mark for 3s. Damaging them a second time with an ability consumes the mark and provides you 10% movement speed for 6s and reduces your ability cooldowns by 1.5s. Only one mark can be active at a time and cannot be applied for 6s after consuming a mark.

Spear of the Magus

Spear of the Magus

+95
Magical Power
+12%
Magical Lifesteal
+10
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Whenever you damage an enemy god with an ability you mark them to take 5% increased damage from all sources. This effect lasts for 8s and can only occur once every 8s.

Cerberus
Miguel47949
Cerberus
19
1 / 4 / 4
14,712
409
5,557
19,865
24,966
Tainted Steel

Tainted Steel

+15
Physical Power
+25
Magical Power
+15
Physical Protection
+15
Magical Protection

PASSIVE - Enemy Gods that you hit have their healing taken reduced by 20% for 5s. You are healed for 120% of the healing reduced. Can be upgraded at level 20.

Breastplate of Regrowth

Breastplate of Regrowth

+50
Physical Protection
+300
Mana
+15
Mp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - After healing yourself from an ability, you gain 20% Movement Speed, 15 Physical Power, and 30 Magical Power for 4 seconds. This effect can only occur once every 10 seconds.

Breastplate of Determination

Breastplate of Determination

+50
Physical Protection
+300
Mana
+15
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

GLYPH - Each time you are hit by an ability, gain a stack of 5 Protections that corresponds to the damage type you were hit with, up to a max of 4 of each type. Once you reach max stacks of both kinds, gain a burst of 20% Movement Speed and double your Protections gained by this effect for 8s, after which all stacks are removed.

Genji's Guard

Genji's Guard

+100
Health
+60
Magical Protection
+40
Mp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - When you take Magical Damage from Abilities your cooldowns are reduced by 3s. This can only occur once every 30s.

Stone of Binding

Stone of Binding

+35
Magical Protection
+35
Physical Protection
+200
Health

PASSIVE - Successfully hitting an enemy god with a Crowd Control ability will place a debuff on them, reducing their Physical and Magical Protections by 0.8 * your level for 5s.

Uncommon Staff

Uncommon Staff

+15
Magical Power
+75
Health

Artemis
Sethtast1c
Artemis
20
27 / 6 / 16
23,626
656
54,545
38,314
16,056
Death's Temper

Death's Temper

+35
Physical Power
+50
Magical Power
+150
Health
+30%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - When an enemy dies within 80 units of you gain 1 stack of Temper that provides 7% increased Basic Attack Damage for 10s. This can stack up to 5 times. If an enemy god dies near you immediately gain 5 stacks.

Asi

Asi

+35
Physical Power
+18%
Physical Lifesteal
+10
Penetration
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health, you gain an additional 22.5% Physical Lifesteal for 5 seconds. Can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Evolved Rage

Evolved Rage

+45
Physical Power
+45
Critical Strike Chance

Envenomed Executioner

Envenomed Executioner

+30
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks against an enemy reduce your target's Physical Protection by 7% for 3s (max. 4 stacks). <n>GLYPH - Successfully hitting an Enemy God will afflict them with a stack of poison for 3s (max. 4 stacks). This poison reduces their healing by 10% and Shields applied on them are reduced by 12.5%.

Dominance

Dominance

+40
Physical Power
+200
Mana
+20
Mp 5
+15%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks benefit from an additional 20% Physical Penetration.

Devoted Deathbringer

Devoted Deathbringer

+30
Physical Power
+30
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Critical Strike bonus damage dealt is increased by 25%. <n>GLYPH - Your Critical Strike Chance is multiplied by 1.2. For each 5% Critical Strike Chance you go over 100% Critical Strike Chance, you gain 5 Physical Power.

VS

Player
Level
K/D/A
Gold
GPM
Damage
Taken
Mitigated
Build
Hou Yi
DoubleD373
Hou Yi
20
0 / 15 / 4
15,268
424
7,467
31,865
10,234
Blackthorn Hammer

Blackthorn Hammer

+35
Physical Power
+300
Health
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - While over 25% Mana, you gain +10% Cooldown Reduction. While under 25% Mana, you gain +50 MP5.

Leather Cowl

Leather Cowl

+15
Physical Power
+5
Mp 5
+6%
Physical Lifesteal
+10%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While you are within 55 units of an allied god you gain 10% Attack Speed. If you are alone you instead gain 5% Movement Speed. Can be upgraded at level 20.

Devoted Deathbringer

Devoted Deathbringer

+30
Physical Power
+30
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Critical Strike bonus damage dealt is increased by 25%. <n>GLYPH - Your Critical Strike Chance is multiplied by 1.2. For each 5% Critical Strike Chance you go over 100% Critical Strike Chance, you gain 5 Physical Power.

Odysseus' Bow

Odysseus' Bow

+35%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Every fourth Basic Attack triggers a chain lightning, damaging the target and up to 4 nearby enemies for 15 damage +60% of your total Basic Attack Power.

Hastened Fatalis

Hastened Fatalis

+100
Health
+10
Penetration
+20%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack grants Haste for 1s, causing you to be immune to the Basic Attack Movement Penalty.

Bladed Boomerang

Bladed Boomerang

+30
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed
+20
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Your next basic attack on an enemy god creates a deployable that, when picked up, provides you with 2% Movement Speed and 10% Critical Strike Chance for 10s. This effect stacks up to 3 times and can only occur once every 2 seconds.

Fenrir
SEALEO9000
Fenrir
20
7 / 12 / 7
17,927
498
11,728
35,840
19,942
Protector of the Jungle

Protector of the Jungle

+50
Physical Power
+70
Magical Power
+25
Physical Protection
+25
Magical Protection

PASSIVE - While in the jungle you gain 15% Power and 7% Protections.

Jotunn's Vigor

Jotunn's Vigor

+40
Physical Power
+150
Mana
+10
Physical Penetration
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

GLYPH - If you drop beneath 60% health, gain 15% Movement Speed and 30% Physical Ability Lifesteal for 8s. This effect may only occur once every 15s.

Hydra's Lament

Hydra's Lament

+30
Physical Power
+10
Physical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - For 8s after using an ability, your next Basic Attack will deal an additional 25% damage. Abilities that function like basic attacks do not benefit from this. PASSIVE - This item grants 2.5 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana.

Serrated Edge

Serrated Edge

+25
Physical Power
+15%
Physical Lifesteal
+20
Physical Penetration
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - For every non-ultimate ability on cooldown you gain a stack of Cruelty. Each stack provides 7 Physical Power and 3% Physical Lifesteal.

Brawler's Beat Stick

Brawler's Beat Stick

+45
Physical Power
+15
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your Abilities have 40% reduced healing for 5 seconds. Getting a kill or assist on an enemy god creates a field that lasts 10s, providing allies within it 20 Power + 2 Per level. This effect can only occur once every 10 seconds.

Heartseeker

Heartseeker

+45
Physical Power
+200
Mana
+20
Mp 5
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 2% of the targets maximum Health as Physical Damage. If you have over 150 Physical Power, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 6% Maximum Health damage at 250 Physical Power. Subsequent hits on the same target do 75% of the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Baron Samedi
cellsork7
Baron Samedi
19
1 / 9 / 5
13,842
385
8,574
25,578
13,193
Sands of Time

Sands of Time

+25
Magical Power
+10
Mp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - This item grants 2 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana. Your damaging abilities deal an extra 15 true damage to minions. Can be upgraded at level 20.

Chronos' Pendant

Chronos' Pendant

+70
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.

Ethereal Staff

Ethereal Staff

+70
Magical Power
+150
Health
+20%
Crowd Control Reduction

PASSIVE - Whenever you damage an enemy god with an ability you steal 8% maximum mana as well as 6% maximum health from the target. The Stats remain stolen for 60s and targets affected can have up to 4 Buffs and Debuffs at once. This can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Pythagorem's Piece

Pythagorem's Piece

+40
Magical Power
+200
Health
+9%
Magical Lifesteal

AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Magical Lifesteal increased by 12% and their Magical Power increased by 15 or their Physical Lifesteal increased by 12% and their Physical Power increased by 15.

Lotus Sickle

Lotus Sickle

+25
Physical Protection
+250
Health
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Any god affected by your ability heals gains 10 increased Physical and Magical Protection for 5 seconds.

Fortified Staff

Fortified Staff

+50
Magical Power
+150
Health
+5%
Crowd Control Reduction

20
7 / 15 / 8
17,397
483
24,549
29,787
11,111
Archmage's Gem

Archmage's Gem

+120
Magical Power
+200
Mana
+25
Mp 5

PASSIVE - Every 0.5s you gain a stack of Demise, causing your next damaging ability that hits an enemy god deals an additional 1.5% of your Magical Power in damage and remove all stacks. This effect stacks up to 20 times.

Chronos' Pendant

Chronos' Pendant

+70
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.

Doom Orb

Doom Orb

+95
Magical Power
+25
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.

Spear of Desolation

Spear of Desolation

+80
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - If you receive a kill or assist on an Enemy God all of your non-ultimate cooldowns are reduced by 2 seconds and your ultimate cooldown is reduced by 6 seconds.

Staff of Myrddin

Staff of Myrddin

+75
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - When your ultimate ability has finished casting you gain Myrddin's Rage which provides 15% Increased Damage Dealt decaying over 8s. At the end of the 8s you lose Myrddin's Rage. This can only occur once every 45s.

Calamitous Rod of Tahuti

Calamitous Rod of Tahuti

+125
Magical Power
+30
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks and Abilities gain 15% additional Magical Power against targets below 60% Health. <n>GLYPH - Successfully hitting an enemy god with an ability calls down a meteor that lands after 1s, dealing 100 (+35% of your Magical Power) damage in a 15 unit radius. This effect can only occur once every 15s.

20
23 / 12 / 6
20,769
577
46,817
56,501
56,580
Death's Embrace

Death's Embrace

+45
Physical Power
+80
Magical Power
+150
Health

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack restores 1.4% of your Health, 2% of your Mana and reduces your active non-Ultimate Cooldowns by 0.33s. Basic Attacks that deal damage in an AoE restore less health (75% for Melee Attacks, 50% for Ranged Attacks) for each enemy hit after the first and only count once for the Cooldown reduction effect.

Equinox

Equinox

+25
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - When you hit an enemy with a Basic Attack from the front, you heal for 1 + 1 Health per level, which is increased by 50% if the target is a god. When you hit an enemy with a Basic Attack from the back, you deal an additional 15 + 3 Physical damage per level.

Shogun's Kusari

Shogun's Kusari

+45
Magical Protection
+150
Health
+20
Mp 5
+10%
Attack Speed

AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Attack Speed increased by 30%.

Berserker's Shield

Berserker's Shield

+50
Physical Protection
+150
Health
+25%
Attack Speed
+20
Hp 5

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health you become Berserk for 5s. While Berserk, you gain 5% Damage Mitigation and 20% Attack Speed. This effect can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Qin's Sais

Qin's Sais

+30
Physical Power
+25%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - On Basic Attack hits, deal Physical Damage equal to 1.5% of the target's maximum Health. If the target has over 2000 Health, the bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 6% of the targets Maximum Health at 2750 Health.

Frostbound Hammer

Frostbound Hammer

+35
Physical Power
+200
Health
+25
Hp 5
+15
Mp 5

PASSIVE - Your next basic attack on an enemy god creates a 30 unit shockwave of frost around them, slowing the Movement Speed and Attack Speed of enemy gods in the area by 25% for 3s. This effect can only occur once every 3 seconds. This item and all upgrades are only available to Assassins and Warriors.

Match Insights

Player Kills, Deaths, and Assists

127
Kill Participation
68
63
Kills
38
39
Deaths
63
64
Assists
30
Player
Kills
Deaths
Assists
KDA
W
Ratatoskr
 
Ratatoskr
19
7
17
3.93
L
Hou Yi
DoubleD373
Hou Yi
0
15
4
0.13
W
Poseidon
JosAsYuLol
Poseidon
15
9
19
2.72
W
Janus
Lindday
Janus
1
13
8
0.38
W
Cerberus
Miguel47949
Cerberus
1
4
4
0.75
L
Fenrir
SEALEO9000
Fenrir
7
12
7
0.88
W
Artemis
Sethtast1c
Artemis
27
6
16
5.83
L
Baron Samedi
cellsork7
Baron Samedi
1
9
5
0.39
L
7
15
8
0.73
L
23
12
6
2.17

Kill Participation

Kills by Role

Deaths by Role

Damage Breakdown

136,575
Damage
99,135
135,193
Taken
179,571
74,856
Mitigated
111,060
39,528
Healing
29,702
Player
Damage
Inhand
Healing
Self Heal
Taken
Mitigated
Structure
Taken Magical
Taken Physical
Damage Magical
Damage Physical
W
Ratatoskr
 
Ratatoskr
31,253
13,575
0
6,976
28,857
12,898
4,794
5,770
23,037
0
102,670
L
Hou Yi
DoubleD373
Hou Yi
7,467
2,718
0
813
31,865
10,234
4,158
8,346
23,101
0
87,884
W
Poseidon
JosAsYuLol
Poseidon
37,499
6,886
0
10,644
29,735
15,083
4,060
7,430
22,151
206,764
1,457
W
Janus
Lindday
Janus
7,721
380
0
104
18,422
5,853
2,209
4,873
13,353
100,214
1,998
W
Cerberus
Miguel47949
Cerberus
5,557
199
0
3,923
19,865
24,966
56
6,248
13,334
61,705
0
L
Fenrir
SEALEO9000
Fenrir
11,728
1,900
0
6,343
35,840
19,942
4,672
9,181
26,123
0
140,482
W
Artemis
Sethtast1c
Artemis
54,545
38,449
0
17,881
38,314
16,056
5,299
12,232
25,835
0
169,770
L
Baron Samedi
cellsork7
Baron Samedi
8,574
266
286
2,866
25,578
13,193
0
4,949
20,523
77,612
0
L
24,549
2,848
0
760
29,787
11,111
315
8,256
21,001
118,120
0
L
46,817
20,839
0
18,634
56,501
56,580
1,946
17,767
37,732
3,796
142,571

Damage Done by Role

Damage Taken by Role

Economy & Farm Breakdown

98,863
Gold Earned
85,203
887
Minions Killed
754
0
Camps Cleared
0
3,029,730
Distance Traveled
2,681,594
8
Wards Purchased
7
Player
Gold
GPM
Minion Kills
MPM
Camps
Distance
Wards
W
Ratatoskr
20,852
579
141
4
0
731,490
0
L
Hou Yi
15,268
424
139
4
0
507,101
0
W
Poseidon
21,934
609
244
7
0
708,173
8
W
Janus
17,739
493
205
6
0
501,761
0
W
Cerberus
14,712
409
140
4
0
491,876
0
L
Fenrir
17,927
498
187
5
0
650,386
0
W
Artemis
23,626
656
157
4
0
596,430
0
L
Baron Samedi
13,842
385
82
2
0
382,384
5
L
Janus
17,397
483
209
6
0
598,420
0
L
Surtr
20,769
577
137
4
0
543,303
2

Distance Traveled

Minion Kills by Role

Gold Earned by Role