Player Matchup

Ratatoskr
Ratatoskr
 
Ratatoskr
Level 127
God Stats
0W - 0L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
0W - 0L
1,500 Elo+
Solo
Chronos
Chronos
Globedo
Chronos
Level 106
God Stats
2W - 0L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
40W - 35L
1,524 Elo+
Solo
Nut
Nut
Lordspok
Nut
Level 156
God Stats
40W - 39L
1,496 SR
Queue Stats
246W - 261L
1,456 Elo+
Solo
Ah Puch
Ah Puch
SeDrAx
Ah Puch
Level 154
God Stats
9W - 4L
1,973 SR
Queue Stats
246W - 231L
1,543 Elo+
Solo
Bellona
Bellona
saveYrdreams
Bellona
Level 40
God Stats
1W - 0L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
19W - 13L
1,605 Elo+
Solo
Team Averages
Level 117
1,594 SR
1,526 Elo+

VS

Team Averages
Level 86
1,475 SR
1,475 Elo+
Kali
Kali
 
Kali
Level 65
God Stats
0W - 0L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
0W - 0L
1,500 Elo+
Solo
Baron Samedi
Baron Samedi
Hyvan
Baron Samedi
Level 89
God Stats
8W - 4L
1,537 SR
Queue Stats
55W - 60L
1,383 Elo+
Solo
Achilles
Achilles
RO2day
Achilles
Level 127
God Stats
2W - 2L
1,255 SR
Queue Stats
59W - 32L
1,564 Elo+
Solo
Discordia
Discordia
SMomar
Discordia
Level 62
God Stats
110W - 111L
1,503 SR
Queue Stats
120W - 120L
1,476 Elo+
Solo
Chiron
Chiron
aphanath
Chiron
Level 88
God Stats
2W - 5L
1,582 SR
Queue Stats
563W - 579L
1,455 Elo+
Solo

Match Stats

Player
Level
K/D/A
Gold
GPM
Damage
Taken
Mitigated
Build
Ratatoskr
 
Ratatoskr
20
14 / 8 / 8
17,592
1,173
20,771
26,599
9,528
Bristlebush Acorn

Bristlebush Acorn

+45
Physical Power
+6%
Movement Speed
+25
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE: Dart deals 40% increased damage and can Critically Strike. When Dart damages an enemy Ratatoskr gains 22.5% Physical Lifesteal and 20% Basic Attack damage for 6s.

Evolved Rage

Evolved Rage

+45
Physical Power
+45
Critical Strike Chance

Devoted Deathbringer

Devoted Deathbringer

+30
Physical Power
+30
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Critical Strike bonus damage dealt is increased by 25%. <n>GLYPH - Your Critical Strike Chance is multiplied by 1.2. For each 5% Critical Strike Chance you go over 100% Critical Strike Chance, you gain 5 Physical Power.

Demon Blade

Demon Blade

+30
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+20
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Your Critical Hits provide you with 10% Physical Penetration for 4s.

Hydra's Lament

Hydra's Lament

+30
Physical Power
+10
Physical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - For 8s after using an ability, your next Basic Attack will deal an additional 25% damage. Abilities that function like basic attacks do not benefit from this. PASSIVE - This item grants 2.5 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana.

Shadowdrinker

Shadowdrinker

+45
Physical Power
+10
Physical Penetration
+10%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing an enemy god drains their shadow, causing you to enter stealth and gain 30% Movement Speed for 5s. Taking damage, firing an Ability, or firing a Basic Attack breaks the stealth.

Chronos
Globedo
Chronos
20
0 / 6 / 20
15,217
1,014
21,920
24,059
8,500
Chronos' Pendant

Chronos' Pendant

+70
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.

Divine Ruin

Divine Ruin

+75
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your abilities have 40% reduced healing for 5 seconds. Your next successful damaging ability on an enemy triggers a chain lightning, damaging the target and up to 4 nearby enemies for 40 damage + 10% of your Magical Power. This can only occur once every 20 seconds.

Polynomicon

Polynomicon

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana
+12%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - Using an ability gives your next Basic Attack within the next 8 seconds +75% of your Magical Power as additional Magical Damage. The effect can only apply once every 2 seconds.

Doom Orb

Doom Orb

+95
Magical Power
+25
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.

Rod of Tahuti

Rod of Tahuti

+125
Magical Power
+30
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks and Abilities gain 15% additional Magical Power against targets below 60% Health.

Silver Breastplate

Silver Breastplate

+25
Physical Protection
+200
Mana
+10
Mp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

20
4 / 6 / 14
15,962
1,064
17,963
19,374
7,069
Death's Toll

Death's Toll

+18
Physical Power
+35
Magical Power
+75
Health

PASSIVE - Hitting an enemy with a Basic Attack restores 2 Health (+0.3% of your Maximum Health) and 1 Mana (+1% of your Maximum Mana). Basic Attacks that deal damage in an AoE restore less health (75% for Melee Attacks, 50% for Ranged Attacks) for each enemy hit after the first. Can be upgraded at level 20.

Odysseus' Bow

Odysseus' Bow

+35%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Every fourth Basic Attack triggers a chain lightning, damaging the target and up to 4 nearby enemies for 15 damage +60% of your total Basic Attack Power.

Evolved Rage

Evolved Rage

+45
Physical Power
+45
Critical Strike Chance

Crimson Claws

Crimson Claws

+50
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed
+25%
Physical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - Lifestealing from enemies while at full Health grants you the value healed as a Shield, which may not exceed 15% of your Maximum Health.

Demon Blade

Demon Blade

+30
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+20
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Your Critical Hits provide you with 10% Physical Penetration for 4s.

Devoted Deathbringer

Devoted Deathbringer

+30
Physical Power
+30
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Critical Strike bonus damage dealt is increased by 25%. <n>GLYPH - Your Critical Strike Chance is multiplied by 1.2. For each 5% Critical Strike Chance you go over 100% Critical Strike Chance, you gain 5 Physical Power.

Ah Puch
SeDrAx
Ah Puch
20
9 / 3 / 16
18,019
1,201
34,813
20,717
14,756
Pendulum of Ages

Pendulum of Ages

+60
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - This item grants 4 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana. This item grants 7 Magical power per 10% of your available Mana.

Breastplate of Determination

Breastplate of Determination

+50
Physical Protection
+300
Mana
+15
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

GLYPH - Each time you are hit by an ability, gain a stack of 5 Protections that corresponds to the damage type you were hit with, up to a max of 4 of each type. Once you reach max stacks of both kinds, gain a burst of 20% Movement Speed and double your Protections gained by this effect for 8s, after which all stacks are removed.

Evolved Charon's Coin

Evolved Charon's Coin

+75
Magical Power
+35
Hp 5 Mp 5
+20
Magical Penetration
+8%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - On god kill or assist a coin is flipped. If heads, you gain 150 Health over 6 seconds. If tails, you gain 5% Movement Speed for 6 seconds. You also gain 15 gold every time the coin is flipped.

Doom Orb

Doom Orb

+95
Magical Power
+25
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing or assisting an enemy minion provides you with 1 stack, granting 1% Movement Speed and 4 Magical Power per stack. Stacks last for 15s and stack up to 5 times. Enemy gods provide 5 stacks.

Soul Reaver

Soul Reaver

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 1% of the target's maximum Health as Magical Damage. If the target has over 2000 Health, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 9% Maximum Health damage at 2750 Health. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Oni Hunter's Garb

Oni Hunter's Garb

+150
Health
+50
Magical Protection
+30
Mp 5
+20%
Crowd Control Reduction

PASSIVE - For each enemy God within 55 units of you, you gain a stack of 4% Damage Mitigation. This caps at 3 stacks.

Bellona
saveYrdreams
Bellona
20
3 / 9 / 14
15,897
1,060
23,954
38,745
54,207
Axe of Animosity

Axe of Animosity

+30
Physical Protection
+30
Magical Protection
+300
Health
+30%
Crowd Control Reduction

PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks deal bonus damage equal to 2.5% of your Maximum Health as Magical Damage to enemies and structures.

Berserker's Shield

Berserker's Shield

+50
Physical Protection
+150
Health
+25%
Attack Speed
+20
Hp 5

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health you become Berserk for 5s. While Berserk, you gain 5% Damage Mitigation and 20% Attack Speed. This effect can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Shogun's Kusari

Shogun's Kusari

+45
Magical Protection
+150
Health
+20
Mp 5
+10%
Attack Speed

AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Attack Speed increased by 30%.

Oni Hunter's Garb

Oni Hunter's Garb

+150
Health
+50
Magical Protection
+30
Mp 5
+20%
Crowd Control Reduction

PASSIVE - For each enemy God within 55 units of you, you gain a stack of 4% Damage Mitigation. This caps at 3 stacks.

Qin's Sais

Qin's Sais

+30
Physical Power
+25%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - On Basic Attack hits, deal Physical Damage equal to 1.5% of the target's maximum Health. If the target has over 2000 Health, the bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 6% of the targets Maximum Health at 2750 Health.

Gladiator's Shield

Gladiator's Shield

+40
Physical Protection
+200
Health
+25
Hp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - When damaging an enemy god with an ability you deal an additional 15 + 25% of your Protections from items and abilities as Physical Damage. Can only trigger once per enemy per ability. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Team 1 Tickets

16

VS

Team 2 Tickets

0

Player
Level
K/D/A
Gold
GPM
Damage
Taken
Mitigated
Build
Kali
 
Kali
20
11 / 4 / 11
18,631
1,242
22,631
31,985
17,879
Hunter's Cowl

Hunter's Cowl

+50
Physical Power
+15
Mp 5
+15%
Physical Lifesteal
+20%
Attack Speed

AURA - While you are within 55 units of an allied god you gain 20% Attack Speed Aura. If you are alone you instead gain 10% Movement Speed.

Asi

Asi

+35
Physical Power
+18%
Physical Lifesteal
+10
Penetration
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health, you gain an additional 22.5% Physical Lifesteal for 5 seconds. Can only occur once every 15 seconds.

The Crusher

The Crusher

+35
Physical Power
+25%
Attack Speed
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging Abilities take bonus damage equal to an additional 35% of your Physical Power over 1s. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Dominance

Dominance

+40
Physical Power
+200
Mana
+20
Mp 5
+15%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks benefit from an additional 20% Physical Penetration.

Malicious Deathbringer

Malicious Deathbringer

+30
Physical Power
+30
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Critical Strike bonus damage dealt is increased by 25%. <n>GLYPH - Successfully hitting an Enemy God with a Critical Strike will subtract 1s from all of your abilities currently on cooldown.

Serrated Edge

Serrated Edge

+25
Physical Power
+15%
Physical Lifesteal
+20
Physical Penetration
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - For every non-ultimate ability on cooldown you gain a stack of Cruelty. Each stack provides 7 Physical Power and 3% Physical Lifesteal.

Baron Samedi
Hyvan
Baron Samedi
20
6 / 3 / 15
16,924
1,128
17,157
20,420
12,819
Sands of Time

Sands of Time

+25
Magical Power
+10
Mp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - This item grants 2 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana. Your damaging abilities deal an extra 15 true damage to minions. Can be upgraded at level 20.

Chronos' Pendant

Chronos' Pendant

+70
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.

Spear of Desolation

Spear of Desolation

+80
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - If you receive a kill or assist on an Enemy God all of your non-ultimate cooldowns are reduced by 2 seconds and your ultimate cooldown is reduced by 6 seconds.

Obsidian Shard

Obsidian Shard

+80
Magical Power
+20
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Your first ability cast gains 20% Magical Penetration. This can only occur once every 10 seconds.

Calamitous Rod of Tahuti

Calamitous Rod of Tahuti

+125
Magical Power
+30
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks and Abilities gain 15% additional Magical Power against targets below 60% Health. <n>GLYPH - Successfully hitting an enemy god with an ability calls down a meteor that lands after 1s, dealing 100 (+35% of your Magical Power) damage in a 15 unit radius. This effect can only occur once every 15s.

Warlock's Staff

Warlock's Staff

+55
Magical Power
+200
Health
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - You permanently gain +3 Health and +0.25 Magical Power per Stack, and receive 1 Stack per 550 Damage Dealt to or taken from minions or 275 Damage Dealt to or taken by gods. At 100 stacks this item Evolves, gaining 10% Magical Penetration.

Achilles
RO2day
Achilles
20
12 / 13 / 10
17,081
1,139
27,274
36,355
18,651
Rangda's Mask

Rangda's Mask

+50
Physical Power
+70
Magical Power
+20
Hp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

Gain 5 stacks of <font color='#F44242'>Weakness. Each stack increases your damage taken by 10%. For each 40 Physical Power or 60 Magical Power from items, remove a stack of <font color='#F44242'>Weakness. When you remove a stack of <font color='#F44242'>Weakness gain a stack of <font color='#42F46E'>Strength. For each stack of <font color='#42F46E'>Strength gain +3% damage dealt and 2% movement speed.

Jotunn's Vigor

Jotunn's Vigor

+40
Physical Power
+150
Mana
+10
Physical Penetration
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

GLYPH - If you drop beneath 60% health, gain 15% Movement Speed and 30% Physical Ability Lifesteal for 8s. This effect may only occur once every 15s.

Hydra's Lament

Hydra's Lament

+30
Physical Power
+10
Physical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - For 8s after using an ability, your next Basic Attack will deal an additional 25% damage. Abilities that function like basic attacks do not benefit from this. PASSIVE - This item grants 2.5 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana.

Brawler's Beat Stick

Brawler's Beat Stick

+45
Physical Power
+15
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your Abilities have 40% reduced healing for 5 seconds. Getting a kill or assist on an enemy god creates a field that lasts 10s, providing allies within it 20 Power + 2 Per level. This effect can only occur once every 10 seconds.

Shadowdrinker

Shadowdrinker

+45
Physical Power
+10
Physical Penetration
+10%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing an enemy god drains their shadow, causing you to enter stealth and gain 30% Movement Speed for 5s. Taking damage, firing an Ability, or firing a Basic Attack breaks the stealth.

Bloodforge

Bloodforge

+50
Physical Power
+15%
Physical Lifesteal
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Killing an enemy god forges a shield from their blood with Health equal to 200 + 10 per Player Level for 20s. While the Blood Shield is active you gain +10% Movement Speed.

Discordia
SMomar
Discordia
20
1 / 6 / 20
15,599
1,040
37,578
19,480
8,801
Sands of Time

Sands of Time

+25
Magical Power
+10
Mp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - This item grants 2 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana. Your damaging abilities deal an extra 15 true damage to minions. Can be upgraded at level 20.

Chronos' Pendant

Chronos' Pendant

+70
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.

Spear of Desolation

Spear of Desolation

+80
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - If you receive a kill or assist on an Enemy God all of your non-ultimate cooldowns are reduced by 2 seconds and your ultimate cooldown is reduced by 6 seconds.

Divine Ruin

Divine Ruin

+75
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your abilities have 40% reduced healing for 5 seconds. Your next successful damaging ability on an enemy triggers a chain lightning, damaging the target and up to 4 nearby enemies for 40 damage + 10% of your Magical Power. This can only occur once every 20 seconds.

Soul Reaver

Soul Reaver

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 1% of the target's maximum Health as Magical Damage. If the target has over 2000 Health, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 9% Maximum Health damage at 2750 Health. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Rod of Tahuti

Rod of Tahuti

+125
Magical Power
+30
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks and Abilities gain 15% additional Magical Power against targets below 60% Health.

Chiron
aphanath
Chiron
20
2 / 4 / 17
15,564
1,038
20,262
20,012
10,114
Evolved Transcendence

Evolved Transcendence

+25
Physical Power
+1050
Mana
+10
Mp 5
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - You gain Physical Power equal to 2% of your Maximum Mana.

The Crusher

The Crusher

+35
Physical Power
+25%
Attack Speed
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging Abilities take bonus damage equal to an additional 35% of your Physical Power over 1s. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Bluestone Brooch

Bluestone Brooch

+30
Physical Power
+150
Health
+30
Hp 5
+30
Mp 5

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging abilities take an additional 160 Physical Damage over 2s. Enemy gods take an additional 10% of their Current Health as Physical Damage over 2s. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Jotunn's Cunning

Jotunn's Cunning

+40
Physical Power
+150
Mana
+10
Physical Penetration
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

<n>GLYPH - Every time you damage an enemy god with an ability you gain a stack of Wit. When you have a stack, your next non-ultimate ability that damages an enemy god gets 20% of its cooldown instantly refunded. After triggering this effect, all stacks are removed and you cannot gain stacks for 5s.

Brawler's Beat Stick

Brawler's Beat Stick

+45
Physical Power
+15
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your Abilities have 40% reduced healing for 5 seconds. Getting a kill or assist on an enemy god creates a field that lasts 10s, providing allies within it 20 Power + 2 Per level. This effect can only occur once every 10 seconds.

Blackthorn Hammer

Blackthorn Hammer

+35
Physical Power
+300
Health
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - While over 25% Mana, you gain +10% Cooldown Reduction. While under 25% Mana, you gain +50 MP5.

Match Insights

Player Kills, Deaths, and Assists

102
Kill Participation
105
30
Kills
32
32
Deaths
30
72
Assists
73
Player
Kills
Deaths
Assists
KDA
W
Ratatoskr
 
Ratatoskr
14
8
8
2.25
L
Kali
 
Kali
11
4
11
4.13
W
Chronos
Globedo
Chronos
0
6
20
1.67
L
Baron Samedi
Hyvan
Baron Samedi
6
3
15
4.5
W
4
6
14
1.83
L
Achilles
RO2day
Achilles
12
13
10
1.31
L
Discordia
SMomar
Discordia
1
6
20
1.83
W
Ah Puch
SeDrAx
Ah Puch
9
3
16
5.67
L
Chiron
aphanath
Chiron
2
4
17
2.63
W
Bellona
saveYrdreams
Bellona
3
9
14
1.11

Kill Participation

Kills by Role

Deaths by Role

Damage Breakdown

119,421
Damage
124,902
129,494
Taken
128,252
94,060
Mitigated
68,264
8,374
Healing
18,911
Player
Damage
Inhand
Healing
Self Heal
Taken
Mitigated
Structure
Taken Magical
Taken Physical
Damage Magical
Damage Physical
W
Ratatoskr
 
Ratatoskr
20,771
7,242
0
833
26,599
9,528
0
14,244
12,355
0
30,565
L
Kali
 
Kali
22,631
16,161
0
7,841
31,985
17,879
0
14,234
17,176
0
44,589
W
Chronos
Globedo
Chronos
21,920
6,065
0
1,295
24,059
8,500
0
8,788
15,271
63,404
529
L
Baron Samedi
Hyvan
Baron Samedi
17,157
921
2,553
2,705
20,420
12,819
0
8,984
11,148
52,198
0
W
17,963
9,571
361
1,756
19,374
7,069
0
8,110
11,264
0
48,116
L
Achilles
RO2day
Achilles
27,274
8,369
0
2,154
36,355
18,651
0
14,730
21,240
0
42,341
L
Discordia
SMomar
Discordia
37,578
422
0
250
19,480
8,801
0
9,805
9,458
83,720
0
W
Ah Puch
SeDrAx
Ah Puch
34,813
515
0
2,100
20,717
14,756
0
11,420
9,297
77,831
609
L
Chiron
aphanath
Chiron
20,262
4,721
1,355
2,053
20,012
10,114
0
9,247
10,612
0
46,642
W
Bellona
saveYrdreams
Bellona
23,954
6,653
0
2,029
38,745
54,207
0
12,173
26,572
1,389
39,237

Damage Done by Role

Damage Taken by Role

Economy & Farm Breakdown

82,687
Gold Earned
83,799
333
Minions Killed
355
6
Camps Cleared
15
1,656,815
Distance Traveled
1,549,162
0
Wards Purchased
0
Player
Gold
GPM
Minion Kills
MPM
Camps
Distance
Wards
W
Ratatoskr
17,592
1,173
20
1
1
343,987
0
L
Kali
18,631
1,242
51
3
12
340,431
0
W
Chronos
15,217
1,014
81
5
0
340,142
0
L
Baron Samedi
16,924
1,128
86
6
1
296,531
0
W
Nut
15,962
1,064
76
5
3
296,214
0
L
Achilles
17,081
1,139
41
3
1
274,566
0
L
Discordia
15,599
1,040
99
7
1
330,006
0
W
Ah Puch
18,019
1,201
126
8
2
366,939
0
L
Chiron
15,564
1,038
78
5
0
307,628
0
W
Bellona
15,897
1,060
30
2
0
309,533
0

Distance Traveled

Minion Kills by Role

Gold Earned by Role