Player Matchup

Chernobog
Chernobog
Drillary
Chernobog
Level 82
God Stats
1W - 2L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
130W - 117L
1,461 Elo+
Party 1
Erlang Shen
Erlang Shen
Orv11
Erlang Shen
Level 89
God Stats
16W - 15L
1,605 SR
Queue Stats
155W - 152L
1,486 Elo+
Party 2
Ratatoskr
Ratatoskr
PrinceHakeemAli
Ratatoskr
Level 68
God Stats
12W - 16L
1,468 SR
Queue Stats
164W - 177L
1,440 Elo+
Party 2
Bacchus
Bacchus
XxChocoX85
Bacchus
Level 60
God Stats
29W - 28L
1,604 SR
Queue Stats
202W - 190L
1,496 Elo+
Party 1
Nu Wa
Nu Wa
ponponpon1928
Nu Wa
Level 48
God Stats
8W - 12L
1,320 SR
Queue Stats
313W - 332L
1,323 Elo+
Solo
Team Averages
Level 69
1,499 SR
1,441 Elo+

VS

Team Averages
Level 107
1,473 SR
1,492 Elo+
Ratatoskr
Ratatoskr
C_uWalker
Ratatoskr
Level 97
God Stats
0W - 1L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
4W - 8L
1,570 Elo+
Party 3
Hercules
Hercules
DATTO_Karakuri
Hercules
Level 98
God Stats
0W - 1L
1,500 SR
Queue Stats
4W - 7L
1,653 Elo+
Party 3
Charybdis
Charybdis
Dreamgirl1589
Charybdis
Level 119
God Stats
1W - 2L
1,482 SR
Queue Stats
407W - 400L
1,476 Elo+
Solo
Yemoja
Yemoja
PikaUsedThunder
Yemoja
Level 86
God Stats
159W - 149L
1,438 SR
Queue Stats
170W - 163L
1,357 Elo+
Solo
Scylla
Scylla
RickityyCricket
Scylla
Level 135
God Stats
2W - 5L
1,446 SR
Queue Stats
78W - 84L
1,402 Elo+
Solo

Match Stats

Player
Level
K/D/A
Gold
GPM
Damage
Taken
Mitigated
Build
Chernobog
Drillary
Chernobog
20
13 / 4 / 8
21,508
566
46,421
37,604
19,461
Ornate Arrow

Ornate Arrow

+60
Basic Attack Damage
+100
Health
+10%
Attack Speed
+15
Physical Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - All sources of gold gain are increased by 5%. For every 100 gold you have gain 1.25% Attack Speed and 1% Physical Critical Strike Chance, up to a maximum of 20 stacks.

Evolved Devourer's Gauntlet

Evolved Devourer's Gauntlet

+50
Physical Power
+22 5%
Physical Lifesteal
+15
Physical Penetration

Envenomed Executioner

Envenomed Executioner

+30
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks against an enemy reduce your target's Physical Protection by 7% for 3s (max. 4 stacks). <n>GLYPH - Successfully hitting an Enemy God will afflict them with a stack of poison for 3s (max. 4 stacks). This poison reduces their healing by 10% and Shields applied on them are reduced by 12.5%.

Dominance

Dominance

+40
Physical Power
+200
Mana
+20
Mp 5
+15%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks benefit from an additional 20% Physical Penetration.

Fail-not

Fail-not

+30
Physical Power
+15
Critical Strike Chance
+20%
Cooldown Reduction
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - When your Ultimate ability has finished casting, your next ability or basic attack within 8s that damages an enemy god marks them, increasing the chance you and your allies can land a Critical Strike by 20% for 10 seconds. This can only occur once every 45 seconds.

Odysseus' Bow

Odysseus' Bow

+35%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Every fourth Basic Attack triggers a chain lightning, damaging the target and up to 4 nearby enemies for 15 damage +60% of your total Basic Attack Power.

Erlang Shen
Orv11
Erlang Shen
20
1 / 3 / 3
17,979
473
20,448
36,308
47,093
Asi

Asi

+35
Physical Power
+18%
Physical Lifesteal
+10
Penetration
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - While below 60% Health, you gain an additional 22.5% Physical Lifesteal for 5 seconds. Can only occur once every 15 seconds.

Phalanx

Phalanx

+40
Physical Protection
+200
Health
+20
Hp 5
+10%
Crowd Control Reduction

PASSIVE - When you are Basic Attacked by an enemy god, you and friendly lane minions within 40 units gain a stack, up to a max of 3. Stacks provide 10% Attack Speed and 7 of each Protection and last for 10s. Minions gain double the effects from each stack. Stacks cannot be gained more than one per second.

Envenomed Executioner

Envenomed Executioner

+30
Physical Power
+20%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks against an enemy reduce your target's Physical Protection by 7% for 3s (max. 4 stacks). <n>GLYPH - Successfully hitting an Enemy God will afflict them with a stack of poison for 3s (max. 4 stacks). This poison reduces their healing by 10% and Shields applied on them are reduced by 12.5%.

Glorious Pridwen

Glorious Pridwen

+25
Physical Protection
+25
Magical Protection
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

<n>GLYPH - When your Ultimate ability has finished casting, you create an explosion, dealing 65% of your Protections from items and abilities as Magical Damage and slowing targets by 25% for 3s in a 30 unit radius. Then you gain a Shield equal to 90% of your Protections from items and abilities for 5s. When destroyed, by timing out or being depleted, you explode again. This can only occur once every 45 seconds.

Prophetic Cloak

Prophetic Cloak

+25
Physical Protection
+25
Magical Protection
+100
Health
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Once every 8s, when you damage an enemy god with an attack, you gain a stack of 1 Protections in an Aura that corresponds with the damage type of the target. Once you have reached 15 stacks of both Protections, this item Evolves, giving you additional Protections and mitigation based on your total Protections.

Qin's Sais

Qin's Sais

+30
Physical Power
+25%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - On Basic Attack hits, deal Physical Damage equal to 1.5% of the target's maximum Health. If the target has over 2000 Health, the bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 6% of the targets Maximum Health at 2750 Health.

Ratatoskr
PrinceHakeemAli
Ratatoskr
20
4 / 5 / 3
17,604
463
13,306
27,767
12,499
Bristlebush Acorn

Bristlebush Acorn

+45
Physical Power
+6%
Movement Speed
+25
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE: Dart deals 40% increased damage and can Critically Strike. When Dart damages an enemy Ratatoskr gains 22.5% Physical Lifesteal and 25% Basic Attack damage for 6s.

Bumba's Spear

Bumba's Spear

+50
Physical Power
+75
Magical Power
+10
Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks deal +50 True Damage and your Abilities deal +35% damage against Jungle Camps and Jungle Bosses. When you kill any of these you gain a 10% power buff for 30s and are healed for 8% of their Health, 10% of your Mana.

Evolved Rage

Evolved Rage

+45
Physical Power
+45
Critical Strike Chance

Demon Blade

Demon Blade

+30
Physical Power
+15%
Attack Speed
+20
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Your Critical Hits provide you with 10% Physical Penetration for 4s.

The Crusher

The Crusher

+35
Physical Power
+25%
Attack Speed
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging Abilities take bonus damage equal to an additional 35% of your Physical Power over 1s. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Atalanta's Bow

Atalanta's Bow

+35
Physical Power
+25%
Attack Speed
+10
Physical Penetration

PASSIVE - Upon getting a kill or assist on an Enemy god you gain Atalanta's Agility for 10s. This effect increases your Attack Speed by 20% and decreases the Movement Penalty for attacking, backpedaling, and strafing by 30%.

Bacchus
XxChocoX85
Bacchus
20
9 / 2 / 13
18,950
499
22,274
36,657
70,524
The Alternate Timeline

The Alternate Timeline

+50
Magical Power
+35
Physical Protection
+35
Magical Protections
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - When you would die you instead find a timeline you are still alive, becoming CC Immune, Damage Immune, and unable to act. After 1.75s you are restored to 40% Health and Mana and can act again. This can only occur once every 6 minutes.

Gladiator's Shield

Gladiator's Shield

+40
Physical Protection
+200
Health
+25
Hp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - When damaging an enemy god with an ability you deal an additional 15 + 25% of your Protections from items and abilities as Physical Damage. Can only trigger once per enemy per ability. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Breastplate of Determination

Breastplate of Determination

+50
Physical Protection
+300
Mana
+15
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

GLYPH - Each time you are hit by an ability, gain a stack of 5 Protections that corresponds to the damage type you were hit with, up to a max of 4 of each type. Once you reach max stacks of both kinds, gain a burst of 20% Movement Speed and double your Protections gained by this effect for 8s, after which all stacks are removed.

Oni Hunter's Garb

Oni Hunter's Garb

+150
Health
+50
Magical Protection
+30
Mp 5
+20%
Crowd Control Reduction

PASSIVE - For each enemy God within 55 units of you, you gain a stack of 4% Damage Mitigation. This caps at 3 stacks.

Phalanx

Phalanx

+40
Physical Protection
+200
Health
+20
Hp 5
+10%
Crowd Control Reduction

PASSIVE - When you are Basic Attacked by an enemy god, you and friendly lane minions within 40 units gain a stack, up to a max of 3. Stacks provide 10% Attack Speed and 7 of each Protection and last for 10s. Minions gain double the effects from each stack. Stacks cannot be gained more than one per second.

Amulet of the Stronghold

Amulet of the Stronghold

+45
Magical Protection
+250
Health
+200
Mana

AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Magical Protections increased by 15 and their MP5 increased by 30. <n>GLYPH - You gain Magical Protections equal to 15% of your Physical Protections.

20
1 / 9 / 13
17,626
464
19,645
22,775
11,382
Sacrificial Shroud

Sacrificial Shroud

+95
Magical Power
+40
Physical Protection
+15
Mp 5
+18%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal 15% more damage, but cost 3% of your Maximum Health. If the cost would kill you, you instead don't pay the cost.

Griffonwing Earrings

Griffonwing Earrings

+40
Physical Power
+60
Magical Power
+30%
Attack Speed
+15
Mp 5

PASSIVE - Your Basic Attack projectile speed is increased by 40%. This item is only available to Hunters and Mages.

Cyclopean Ring

Cyclopean Ring

+60
Magical Power
+25%
Attack Speed
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Your next basic attack against an enemy god deals bonus Magical Damage equal to 9% of the target's maximum Health. This effect can only occur once every 8s, reduced by 2s for each successful Basic Attack on an enemy god.

Calamitous Rod of Tahuti

Calamitous Rod of Tahuti

+125
Magical Power
+30
Mp 5
+10
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Basic Attacks and Abilities gain 15% additional Magical Power against targets below 60% Health. <n>GLYPH - Successfully hitting an enemy god with an ability calls down a meteor that lands after 1s, dealing 100 (+35% of your Magical Power) damage in a 15 unit radius. This effect can only occur once every 15s.

Spear of Desolation

Spear of Desolation

+80
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - If you receive a kill or assist on an Enemy God all of your non-ultimate cooldowns are reduced by 2 seconds and your ultimate cooldown is reduced by 6 seconds.

Soul Gem

Soul Gem

+80
Magical Power
+100
Health
+12%
Magical Lifesteal
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - On successful hit of an Ability you gain 1 stack. At 3 Stacks your next Ability that damages an enemy God will deal bonus damage equal to 25% of your Magical power to each God hit, and will heal yourself and allies within 20 units for 30 (+5 Per Level) and will consume the 3 stacks.

VS

Player
Level
K/D/A
Gold
GPM
Damage
Taken
Mitigated
Build
Ratatoskr
C_uWalker
Ratatoskr
20
10 / 3 / 6
18,767
494
20,446
29,883
16,656
Thistlethorn Acorn

Thistlethorn Acorn

+55
Physical Power
+6%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE: Enemies hit by Acorn Blast are debuffed, taking 5% additional damage from Ratatoskr's abilities, stacking up to 3 times. Acorn Blast now fires 5 Acorns.

Seer of the Jungle

Seer of the Jungle

+50
Physical Power
+70
Magical Power
+35
Physical Protection
+25%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - You deal 35% increased damage to Jungle Monsters and Jungle Bosses. Upon defeating a Large Jungle Monster or Jungle Boss, you gain the ability to see wards for 30s.

Jotunn's Wrath

Jotunn's Wrath

+40
Physical Power
+150
Mana
+10
Physical Penetration
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

Hydra's Lament

Hydra's Lament

+30
Physical Power
+10
Physical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - For 8s after using an ability, your next Basic Attack will deal an additional 25% damage. Abilities that function like basic attacks do not benefit from this. PASSIVE - This item grants 2.5 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana.

Evolved Rage

Evolved Rage

+45
Physical Power
+45
Critical Strike Chance

Devoted Deathbringer

Devoted Deathbringer

+30
Physical Power
+30
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Critical Strike bonus damage dealt is increased by 25%. <n>GLYPH - Your Critical Strike Chance is multiplied by 1.2. For each 5% Critical Strike Chance you go over 100% Critical Strike Chance, you gain 5 Physical Power.

Hercules
20
4 / 5 / 5
17,514
461
21,191
38,329
48,355
Bluestone Brooch

Bluestone Brooch

+30
Physical Power
+150
Health
+30
Hp 5
+30
Mp 5

PASSIVE - Enemies hit by your damaging abilities take an additional 160 Physical Damage over 2s. Enemy gods take an additional 10% of their Current Health as Physical Damage over 2s. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Mystical Mail

Mystical Mail

+200
Health
+40
Physical Protection
+20%
Crowd Control Reduction

AURA - ALL enemies within 25 units are dealt 20 (+1.5 Per Level) Magical Damage per second.

Abyssal Stone

Abyssal Stone

+35
Physical Protection
+40
Magical Protection
+250
Health

PASSIVE - Successful ability damage to an enemy god applies a debuff that afflicts them with 20% Negative CDR for 5s.

Mantle of Discord

Mantle of Discord

+45
Physical Protection
+45
Magical Protection
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - If you take damage below 40% health you unleash a shockwave that stuns all enemies within a range of 20 units for 1s and become immune to Crowd Control for 1s. This effect cannot trigger more than once every 110s.

Breastplate of Regrowth

Breastplate of Regrowth

+50
Physical Protection
+300
Mana
+15
Mp 5
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - After healing yourself from an ability, you gain 20% Movement Speed, 15 Physical Power, and 30 Magical Power for 4 seconds. This effect can only occur once every 10 seconds.

Charybdis
Dreamgirl1589
Charybdis
20
0 / 7 / 2
14,374
378
12,538
26,980
12,180
Gilded Arrow

Gilded Arrow

+20
Basic Attack Damage
+50
Health
+7
Mp 5

PASSIVE - Every 8s the highest health enemy minion or jungle monster within 80 units of you is marked. If you secure the killing blow on that target you gain 4 bonus gold and 25% attack speed for 8s, and restore 30 Mana. Can be upgraded at level 20.

Jotunn's Vigor

Jotunn's Vigor

+40
Physical Power
+150
Mana
+10
Physical Penetration
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

GLYPH - If you drop beneath 60% health, gain 15% Movement Speed and 30% Physical Ability Lifesteal for 8s. This effect may only occur once every 15s.

Hydra's Lament

Hydra's Lament

+30
Physical Power
+10
Physical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+200
Mana

PASSIVE - For 8s after using an ability, your next Basic Attack will deal an additional 25% damage. Abilities that function like basic attacks do not benefit from this. PASSIVE - This item grants 2.5 MP5 per 10% of your missing Mana.

Dominance

Dominance

+40
Physical Power
+200
Mana
+20
Mp 5
+15%
Attack Speed

PASSIVE - Your Basic Attacks benefit from an additional 20% Physical Penetration.

Malicious Deathbringer

Malicious Deathbringer

+30
Physical Power
+30
Critical Strike Chance

PASSIVE - Critical Strike bonus damage dealt is increased by 25%. <n>GLYPH - Successfully hitting an Enemy God with a Critical Strike will subtract 1s from all of your abilities currently on cooldown.

Charged Morningstar

Charged Morningstar

+20
Physical Power
+150
Mana
+7
Mp 5

20
0 / 9 / 9
15,158
399
10,990
37,425
40,562
Sentinel's Embrace

Sentinel's Embrace

+25
Physical Protection
+25
Magical Protection
+150
Health
+20
Mp 5

AURA - You gain 8 GP5 if you have the lowest gold on your team. Evenly split 80 Physical and Magical Protection among all allied gods within 70 units and yourself. If you are alone you only gain 30 Physical and Magical Protections.

Shogun's Kusari

Shogun's Kusari

+45
Magical Protection
+150
Health
+20
Mp 5
+10%
Attack Speed

AURA - Allied gods within 70 units have their Attack Speed increased by 30%.

Lotus Sickle

Lotus Sickle

+25
Physical Protection
+250
Health
+10%
Cooldown Reduction
+7%
Movement Speed

PASSIVE - Any god affected by your ability heals gains 10 increased Physical and Magical Protection for 5 seconds.

Stone of Binding

Stone of Binding

+35
Magical Protection
+35
Physical Protection
+200
Health

PASSIVE - Successfully hitting an enemy god with a Crowd Control ability will place a debuff on them, reducing their Physical and Magical Protections by 0.8 * your level for 5s.

Chronos' Pendant

Chronos' Pendant

+70
Magical Power
+20
Mp 5
+20%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Every 10s the Pendant activates, subtracting 1s from all of your abilities currently on Cooldown. The initial countdown will not start until you leave the fountain.

Prophetic Cloak

Prophetic Cloak

+25
Physical Protection
+25
Magical Protection
+100
Health
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - Once every 8s, when you damage an enemy god with an attack, you gain a stack of 1 Protections in an Aura that corresponds with the damage type of the target. Once you have reached 15 stacks of both Protections, this item Evolves, giving you additional Protections and mitigation based on your total Protections.

20
9 / 4 / 4
19,579
515
34,571
28,655
15,446
The Alternate Timeline

The Alternate Timeline

+50
Magical Power
+35
Physical Protection
+35
Magical Protections
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - When you would die you instead find a timeline you are still alive, becoming CC Immune, Damage Immune, and unable to act. After 1.75s you are restored to 40% Health and Mana and can act again. This can only occur once every 6 minutes.

Evolved Book of Thoth

Evolved Book of Thoth

+60
Magical Power
+10
Magical Penetration
+800
Mana
+20
Mp 5

PASSIVE - You gain Magical Power equal to 7% of your Mana from items.

Soul Reaver

Soul Reaver

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana

PASSIVE - Your abilities deal an additional 1% of the target's maximum Health as Magical Damage. If the target has over 2000 Health, your ability bonus damage scales up. This effect reaches a maximum of 9% Maximum Health damage at 2750 Health. Subsequent hits on the same target do half the bonus damage for the next 3s.

Obsidian Shard

Obsidian Shard

+80
Magical Power
+20
Magical Penetration

PASSIVE - Your first ability cast gains 20% Magical Penetration. This can only occur once every 10 seconds.

Polynomicon

Polynomicon

+65
Magical Power
+300
Mana
+12%
Magical Lifesteal

PASSIVE - Using an ability gives your next Basic Attack within the next 8 seconds +75% of your Magical Power as additional Magical Damage. The effect can only apply once every 2 seconds.

Spear of Desolation

Spear of Desolation

+80
Magical Power
+15
Magical Penetration
+10%
Cooldown Reduction

PASSIVE - If you receive a kill or assist on an Enemy God all of your non-ultimate cooldowns are reduced by 2 seconds and your ultimate cooldown is reduced by 6 seconds.

Match Insights

Player Kills, Deaths, and Assists

68
Kill Participation
49
28
Kills
23
23
Deaths
28
40
Assists
26
Player
Kills
Deaths
Assists
KDA
L
Ratatoskr
C_uWalker
Ratatoskr
10
3
6
4.33
L
Hercules
4
5
5
1.3
L
Charybdis
Dreamgirl1589
Charybdis
0
7
2
0.14
W
Chernobog
Drillary
Chernobog
13
4
8
4.25
W
Erlang Shen
Orv11
Erlang Shen
1
3
3
0.83
L
0
9
9
0.5
W
Ratatoskr
PrinceHakeemAli
Ratatoskr
4
5
3
1.1
L
9
4
4
2.75
W
Bacchus
XxChocoX85
Bacchus
9
2
13
7.75
W
1
9
13
0.83

Kill Participation

Kills by Role

Deaths by Role

Damage Breakdown

122,094
Damage
99,736
161,111
Taken
161,272
160,959
Mitigated
133,199
38,258
Healing
23,821
Player
Damage
Inhand
Healing
Self Heal
Taken
Mitigated
Structure
Taken Magical
Taken Physical
Damage Magical
Damage Physical
L
Ratatoskr
C_uWalker
Ratatoskr
20,446
6,601
0
741
29,883
16,656
0
7,269
22,476
0
181,375
L
Hercules
21,191
7,839
0
5,341
38,329
48,355
2,812
6,916
30,541
26,798
129,038
L
Charybdis
Dreamgirl1589
Charybdis
12,538
5,582
0
655
26,980
12,180
503
8,472
18,456
0
115,247
W
Chernobog
Drillary
Chernobog
46,421
33,791
0
12,183
37,604
19,461
8,490
11,100
26,504
0
237,032
W
Erlang Shen
Orv11
Erlang Shen
20,448
9,763
0
9,119
36,308
47,093
3,619
10,865
25,443
2,255
130,259
L
10,990
2,337
8,755
4,790
37,425
40,562
105
8,079
28,280
57,783
0
W
Ratatoskr
PrinceHakeemAli
Ratatoskr
13,306
6,430
0
9,632
27,767
12,499
2,267
8,115
19,652
0
146,999
L
34,571
1,993
0
3,539
28,655
15,446
0
8,635
19,633
207,985
1,582
W
Bacchus
XxChocoX85
Bacchus
22,274
2,172
641
3,806
36,657
70,524
1,012
11,105
25,552
82,228
7,447
W
19,645
5,369
0
2,877
22,775
11,382
2,696
8,411
14,364
132,029
9,454

Damage Done by Role

Damage Taken by Role

Economy & Farm Breakdown

93,667
Gold Earned
85,392
877
Minions Killed
956
0
Camps Cleared
0
3,333,287
Distance Traveled
3,491,735
5
Wards Purchased
23
Player
Gold
GPM
Minion Kills
MPM
Camps
Distance
Wards
L
Ratatoskr
18,767
494
198
5
0
866,248
5
L
Hercules
17,514
461
220
6
0
727,435
8
L
Charybdis
14,374
378
197
5
0
594,959
1
W
Chernobog
21,508
566
251
7
0
674,067
1
W
Erlang Shen
17,979
473
164
4
0
646,395
0
L
Yemoja
15,158
399
65
2
0
626,457
6
W
Ratatoskr
17,604
463
194
5
0
714,158
0
L
Scylla
19,579
515
276
7
0
676,636
3
W
Bacchus
18,950
499
83
2
0
729,320
0
W
Nu Wa
17,626
464
185
5
0
569,347
4

Distance Traveled

Minion Kills by Role

Gold Earned by Role